core-admin/tests/network.py

#!/usr/bin/python
# vim: fileencoding=utf-8

#
# The Qubes OS Project, https://www.qubes-os.org/
#
# Copyright (C) 2015
#                   Marek Marczykowski-Górecki <marmarek@invisiblethingslab.com>
# Copyright (C) 2015  Wojtek Porczyk <woju@invisiblethingslab.com>
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
# with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
# 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
#
from distutils import spawn

import multiprocessing
import os
import subprocess
import unittest
import time

from qubes.qubes import QubesVmCollection, defaults

import qubes.tests

class NcVersion:
    Trad = 1
    Nmap = 2

class VmNetworkingMixin(qubes.tests.SystemTestsMixin):
    test_ip = '192.168.123.45'
    test_name = 'test.example.com'

    ping_cmd = 'ping -W 1 -n -c 1 {target}'
    ping_ip = ping_cmd.format(target=test_ip)
    ping_name = ping_cmd.format(target=test_name)

    def run_cmd(self, vm, cmd, user="root"):
        p = vm.run(cmd, user=user, passio_popen=True, ignore_stderr=True)
        p.stdin.close()
        p.stdout.read()
        return p.wait()

    def setUp(self):
        super(VmNetworkingMixin, self).setUp()
        if self.template.startswith('whonix-'):
            self.skipTest("Test not supported here - Whonix uses its own "
                          "firewall settings")
        self.testnetvm = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesNetVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('netvm1'),
            template=self.qc.get_vm_by_name(self.template))
        self.testnetvm.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.testvm1 = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesAppVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('vm2'),
            template=self.qc.get_vm_by_name(self.template))
        self.testvm1.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.testvm1.netvm = self.testnetvm
        self.qc.save()

        self.configure_netvm()


    def configure_netvm(self):
        def run_netvm_cmd(cmd):
            if self.run_cmd(self.testnetvm, cmd) != 0:
                self.fail("Command '%s' failed" % cmd)

        if not self.testnetvm.is_running():
            self.testnetvm.start()
        # Ensure that dnsmasq is installed:
        p = self.testnetvm.run("dnsmasq --version", user="root",
                               passio_popen=True)
        if p.wait() != 0:
            self.skipTest("dnsmasq not installed")

        run_netvm_cmd("ip link add test0 type dummy")
        run_netvm_cmd("ip link set test0 up")
        run_netvm_cmd("ip addr add {}/24 dev test0".format(self.test_ip))
        run_netvm_cmd("iptables -I INPUT -d {} -j ACCEPT".format(self.test_ip))
        # ignore failure
        self.run_cmd(self.testnetvm, "killall --wait dnsmasq")
        run_netvm_cmd("dnsmasq -a {ip} -A /{name}/{ip} -i test0 -z".format(
            ip=self.test_ip, name=self.test_name))
        run_netvm_cmd("echo nameserver {} > /etc/resolv.conf".format(
            self.test_ip))
        run_netvm_cmd("/usr/lib/qubes/qubes-setup-dnat-to-ns")


    def test_000_simple_networking(self):
        self.qc.unlock_db()
        self.testvm1.start()
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_ip), 0)
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_name), 0)


    def test_010_simple_proxyvm(self):
        self.proxy = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesProxyVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('proxy'),
            template=self.qc.get_vm_by_name(self.template))
        self.proxy.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.proxy.netvm = self.testnetvm
        self.testvm1.netvm = self.proxy
        self.qc.save()
        self.qc.unlock_db()

        self.testvm1.start()
        self.assertTrue(self.proxy.is_running())
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.proxy, self.ping_ip), 0,
                         "Ping by IP from ProxyVM failed")
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.proxy, self.ping_name), 0,
                         "Ping by name from ProxyVM failed")
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_ip), 0,
                         "Ping by IP from AppVM failed")
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_name), 0,
                         "Ping by IP from AppVM failed")


    @qubes.tests.expectedFailureIfTemplate('debian-7')
    @unittest.skipUnless(spawn.find_executable('xdotool'),
                         "xdotool not installed")
    def test_020_simple_proxyvm_nm(self):
        self.proxy = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesProxyVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('proxy'),
            template=self.qc.get_vm_by_name(self.template))
        self.proxy.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.proxy.netvm = self.testnetvm
        self.proxy.services['network-manager'] = True
        self.testvm1.netvm = self.proxy
        self.qc.save()
        self.qc.unlock_db()

        self.testvm1.start()
        self.assertTrue(self.proxy.is_running())
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_ip), 0,
                         "Ping by IP failed")
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_name), 0,
                         "Ping by name failed")

        # reconnect to make sure that device was configured by NM
        self.assertEqual(
            self.run_cmd(self.proxy, "nmcli device disconnect eth0",
                user="user"),
            0, "Failed to disconnect eth0 using nmcli")

        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_ip), 0,
            "Network should be disabled, but apparently it isn't")
        self.assertEqual(
            self.run_cmd(self.proxy,
                'nmcli connection up "VM uplink eth0" ifname eth0',
                user="user"),
            0, "Failed to connect eth0 using nmcli")
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.proxy, "nm-online", user="user"), 0,
                         "Failed to wait for NM connection")

        # check for nm-applet presence
        self.assertEqual(subprocess.call([
            'xdotool', 'search', '--class', '{}:nm-applet'.format(
                self.proxy.name)],
            stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w')), 0, "nm-applet window not found")
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_ip), 0,
                         "Ping by IP failed (after NM reconnection")
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_name), 0,
                         "Ping by name failed (after NM reconnection)")


    def test_030_firewallvm_firewall(self):
        self.proxy = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesProxyVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('proxy'),
            template=self.qc.get_vm_by_name(self.template))
        self.proxy.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.proxy.netvm = self.testnetvm
        self.testvm1.netvm = self.proxy
        self.qc.save()
        self.qc.unlock_db()

        if self.run_cmd(self.testnetvm, 'nc -h 2>&1|grep -q nmap.org') == 0:
            nc_version = NcVersion.Nmap
        else:
            nc_version = NcVersion.Trad

        # block all for first

        self.testvm1.write_firewall_conf({
            'allow': False,
            'allowDns': False,
            'allowIcmp': False,
        })
        self.testvm1.start()
        self.assertTrue(self.proxy.is_running())

        if nc_version == NcVersion.Nmap:
            self.testnetvm.run("nc -l --send-only -e /bin/hostname -k 1234")
        else:
            self.testnetvm.run("while nc -l -e /bin/hostname -p 1234; do "
                               "true; done")

        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.proxy, self.ping_ip), 0,
                         "Ping by IP from ProxyVM failed")
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.proxy, self.ping_name), 0,
                         "Ping by name from ProxyVM failed")
        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_ip), 0,
                         "Ping by IP should be blocked")
        if nc_version == NcVersion.Nmap:
            nc_cmd = "nc -w 1 --recv-only {} 1234".format(self.test_ip)
        else:
            nc_cmd = "nc -w 1 {} 1234".format(self.test_ip)
        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, nc_cmd), 0,
                         "TCP connection should be blocked")

        # block all except ICMP

        self.testvm1.write_firewall_conf({
            'allow': False,
            'allowDns': False,
            'allowIcmp': True,
        })
        self.proxy.write_iptables_qubesdb_entry()
        # Ugly hack b/c there is no feedback when the rules are actually applied
        time.sleep(3)
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_ip), 0,
                         "Ping by IP failed (should be allowed now)")
        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_name), 0,
                         "Ping by name should be blocked")

        # all TCP still blocked

        self.testvm1.write_firewall_conf({
            'allow': False,
            'allowDns': True,
            'allowIcmp': True,
        })
        self.proxy.write_iptables_qubesdb_entry()
        # Ugly hack b/c there is no feedback when the rules are actually applied
        time.sleep(3)
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_name), 0,
                         "Ping by name failed (should be allowed now)")
        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, nc_cmd), 0,
                         "TCP connection should be blocked")

        # block all except target

        self.testvm1.write_firewall_conf({
            'allow': False,
            'allowDns': True,
            'allowIcmp': True,
            'rules': [{'address': self.test_ip,
                       'netmask': 32,
                       'proto': 'tcp',
                       'portBegin': 1234
                      }] })
        self.proxy.write_iptables_qubesdb_entry()
        # Ugly hack b/c there is no feedback when the rules are actually applied
        time.sleep(3)
        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, nc_cmd), 0,
                         "TCP connection failed (should be allowed now)")

        # allow all except target

        self.testvm1.write_firewall_conf({
            'allow': True,
            'allowDns': True,
            'allowIcmp': True,
            'rules': [{'address': self.test_ip,
                       'netmask': 32,
                       'proto': 'tcp',
                       'portBegin': 1234
                      }]
        })
        self.proxy.write_iptables_qubesdb_entry()
        # Ugly hack b/c there is no feedback when the rules are actually applied
        time.sleep(3)
        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, nc_cmd), 0,
                         "TCP connection should be blocked")


    def test_040_inter_vm(self):
        self.proxy = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesProxyVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('proxy'),
            template=self.qc.get_vm_by_name(self.template))
        self.proxy.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.proxy.netvm = self.testnetvm
        self.testvm1.netvm = self.proxy

        self.testvm2 = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesAppVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('vm3'),
            template=self.qc.get_vm_by_name(self.template))
        self.testvm2.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.testvm2.netvm = self.proxy
        self.qc.save()
        self.qc.unlock_db()

        self.testvm1.start()
        self.testvm2.start()

        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1,
            self.ping_cmd.format(target=self.testvm2.ip)), 0)

        self.testvm2.netvm = self.testnetvm

        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1,
            self.ping_cmd.format(target=self.testvm2.ip)), 0)
        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm2,
            self.ping_cmd.format(target=self.testvm1.ip)), 0)

        self.testvm1.netvm = self.testnetvm

        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1,
            self.ping_cmd.format(target=self.testvm2.ip)), 0)
        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm2,
            self.ping_cmd.format(target=self.testvm1.ip)), 0)

    def test_050_spoof_ip(self):
        """Test if VM IP spoofing is blocked"""
        self.qc.unlock_db()
        self.testvm1.start()

        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_ip), 0)
        self.testvm1.run("ip addr flush dev eth0", user="root", wait=True)
        self.testvm1.run("ip addr add 10.137.1.128/24 dev eth0", user="root",
                         wait=True)
        self.testvm1.run("ip route add default dev eth0", user="root",
                         wait=True)
        self.assertNotEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_ip), 0,
                         "Spoofed ping should be blocked")

    def test_100_late_xldevd_startup(self):
        """Regression test for #1990"""
        self.qc.unlock_db()
        # Simulater late xl devd startup
        cmd = "systemctl stop xendriverdomain"
        if self.run_cmd(self.testnetvm, cmd) != 0:
            self.fail("Command '%s' failed" % cmd)
        self.testvm1.start()

        cmd = "systemctl start xendriverdomain"
        if self.run_cmd(self.testnetvm, cmd) != 0:
            self.fail("Command '%s' failed" % cmd)

        self.assertEqual(self.run_cmd(self.testvm1, self.ping_ip), 0)

class VmUpdatesMixin(qubes.tests.SystemTestsMixin):
    """
    Tests for VM updates
    """

    # made this way to work also when no package build tools are installed
    """
    $ cat test-pkg.spec:
    Name:		test-pkg
    Version:	1.0
    Release:	1%{?dist}
    Summary:	Test package

    Group:		System
    License:	GPL
    URL:		http://example.com/

    %description
    Test package

    %files

    %changelog
    $ rpmbuild -bb test-pkg.spec
    $ cat test-pkg-1.0-1.fc21.x86_64.rpm | gzip | base64
    """
    RPM_PACKAGE_GZIP_BASE64 = (
        "H4sIAPzRLlYAA+2Y728URRjHn7ueUCkERKJVJDnTxLSxs7293o8WOER6ljYYrtKCLUSa3"
        "bnZ64bd22VmTq8nr4wJbwxvjNHIG0x8oTHGGCHB8AcYE1/0lS80GgmQFCJU3wgB4ZjdfZ"
        "q2xDe8NNlvMjfzmeeZH7tPbl98b35169cOUEpIJiTxT9SIrmVUs2hWh8dUAp54dOrM14s"
        "JHK4D2DKl+j2qrVfjsuq3qEWbohjuAB2Lqk+p1o/8Z5QPmSi/YwnjezH+F8bLQZjqllW0"
        "hvODRmFIL5hFk9JMXi/mi5ZuDleNwSEzP5wtmLnouNQnm3/6fndz7FLt9M/Hruj37gav4"
        "tTjPnasWLFixYoVK1asWLFixYoV63+p0KNot9vnIPQc1vgYOwCSgXfxCoS+QzKHOVXVOj"
        "Fn2ccIfI0k8nXkLuQbyJthxed4UrVnkG8i9yDfgsj3yCAv4foc8t+w1hf5B+Nl5Du43xj"
        "yvxivIN9HpsgPkO2IU9uQfeRn8Xk/iJ4x1Y3nfxH1qecwfhH5+YgT25F7o/0SRdxvOppP"
        "7MX9ZjB/DNnE/OOYX404uRGZIT+FbCFvQ3aQ8f0+/WF0XjJ8nyOw7H+BrmUA/a8pNZf2D"
        "XrCqLG1cERbWHI8ajhznpBY9P0Tr8PkvJDMhTkp/Z0DA6xpuL7DNOq5A+DY9UYTmkOF2U"
        "IO/sNt0wSnGvfdlZssD3rVIlLI9UUX37C6qXzHNntHPNfnTAhWHbUddtBwmegDjAUzZbu"
        "m9lqZmzDmHc8Ik8WY8Tab4Myym4+Gx8V0qw8GtYyWIzrktEJwV9UHv3ktG471rAqHTmFQ"
        "685V5uGqIalk06SWJr7tszR503Ac9cs493jJ8rhrSCIYbXBbzqt5v5+UZ0crh6bGR2dmJ"
        "yuHD428VlLLLdakzJe2VxcKhFSFID73JKPS40RI7tXVCcQ3uOGWhPCJ2bAspiJ2i5Vy6n"
        "jOqMerpEYpEe/Yks4xkU4Tt6BirmzUWanG6ozbFKhve9BsQRaLRTirzqk7hgUktXojKnf"
        "n8jeg3X4QepP3i63po6oml+9t/CwJLya2Bn/ei6f7/4B3Ycdb0L3pt5Q5mNz16rWJ9fLk"
        "vvOff/nxS7//8O2P2gvt7nDDnoV9L1du9N4+ucjl9u/8+a7dC5Nnvjlv9Ox5r+v9Cy0NE"
        "m+c6rv60S/dZw98Gn6MNswcfQiWUvg3wBUAAA=="
    )

    """
    Minimal package generated by running dh_make on empty directory
    Then cat test-pkg_1.0-1_amd64.deb | gzip | base64
    """
    DEB_PACKAGE_GZIP_BASE64 = (
        "H4sIACTXLlYAA1O0SSxKzrDjSklNykzM003KzEssqlRQUDA0MTG1NDQwNDVTUDBQAAEIa"
        "WhgYGZioqBgogADCVxGegZcyfl5JUX5OXoliUV66VVE6DcwheuX7+ZgAAEW5rdXHb0PG4"
        "iwf5j3WfMT6zWzzMuZgoE3jjYraNzbbFKWGms0SaRw/r2SV23WZ4IdP8preM4yqf0jt95"
        "3c8qnacfNxJUkf9/w+/3X9ph2GEdgQdixrz/niHKKTnYXizf4oSC7tHOz2Zzq+/6vn8/7"
        "ezQ7c1tmi7xZ3SGJ4yzhT2dcr7V+W3zM5ZPu/56PSv4Zdok+7Yv/V/6buWaKVlFkkV58S"
        "N3GmLgnqzRmeZ3V3ymmurS5fGa85/LNx1bpZMin3S6dvXKqydp3ubP1vmyarJZb/qSh62"
        "C8oIdxqm/BtvkGDza+On/Vfv2py7/0LV7VH+qR6a+bkKUbHXt5/SG187d+nps1a5PJfMO"
        "i11dWcUe1HjwaW3Q5RHXn9LmcHy+tW9YcKf0768XVB1t3R0bKrzs5t9P+6r7rZ99svH10"
        "+Q6F/o8tf1fO/32y+fWa14eifd+WxUy0jcxYH7N9/tUvmnUZL74pW32qLeuRU+ZwYGASa"
        "GBgUWBgxM90ayy3VdmykkGDgYErJbEkERydFVWQmCMQo8aWZvAY/WteFRHFwMCYqXTPjI"
        "lBkVEMGLsl+k8XP1D/z+gXyyDOvUemlnHqAVkvu0rRQ2fUFodkN3mtU9uwhqk8V+TqPEE"
        "Nc7fzoQ4n71lqRs/7kbbT0+qOZuKH4r8mjzsc1k/YkCHN8Pjg48fbpE+teHa96LNcfu0V"
        "5n2/Z2xa2KDvaCOx8cqBFxc514uZ3TmadXS+6cpzU7wSzq5SWfapJOD9n6wLXSwtlgxZh"
        "xITzWW7buhx/bb291RcVlEfeC9K5hlrqunSzIMSZT7/Nqgc/qMvMNW227WI8ezB8mVuZh"
        "0hERJSvysfburr4Dx0I9BW57UwR4+e1gxu49PcEt8sbK18Xpvt//Hj5UYm+Zc25q+T4xl"
        "rJvxfVnh80oadq57OZxPaU1bbztv1yF365W4t45Yr+XrFzov237GVY1Zgf7NvE4+W2SuR"
        "lQtLauR1TQ/mbOiIONYya6tU1jPGpWfk/i1+ttiXe3ZO14n0YOWggndznjGlGLyfVbBC6"
        "MRP5aMM7aCco/s7sZqB8RlTQwADw8rnuT/sDHi7mUASjJFRAAbWwNLiAwAA"
    )

    def run_cmd(self, vm, cmd, user="root"):
        p = vm.run(cmd, user=user, passio_popen=True, ignore_stderr=True)
        p.stdin.close()
        p.stdout.read()
        return p.wait()

    def setUp(self):
        super(VmUpdatesMixin, self).setUp()

        self.update_cmd = None
        if self.template.count("debian"):
            self.update_cmd = "set -o pipefail; apt-get update 2>&1 | " \
                              "{ ! grep '^W:\|^E:'; }"
            self.install_cmd = "apt-get install -y {}"
            self.install_test_cmd = "dpkg -l {}"
            self.exit_code_ok = [0]
        elif self.template.count("fedora"):
            cmd = "yum"
            try:
                # assume template name in form "fedora-XX-suffix"
                if int(self.template.split("-")[1]) > 21:
                    cmd = "dnf"
            except ValueError:
                pass
            self.update_cmd = "{cmd} clean all; {cmd} check-update".format(
                cmd=cmd)
            self.install_cmd = cmd + " install -y {}"
            self.install_test_cmd = "rpm -q {}"
            self.exit_code_ok = [0, 100]
        else:
            self.skipTest("Template {} not supported by this test".format(
                self.template))

        self.testvm1 = self.qc.add_new_vm(
            "QubesAppVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('vm1'),
            template=self.qc.get_vm_by_name(self.template))
        self.testvm1.create_on_disk(verbose=False)

    def test_000_simple_update(self):
        self.save_and_reload_db()
        self.qc.unlock_db()
        # reload the VM to have all the properties properly set (especially
        # default netvm)
        self.testvm1 = self.qc[self.testvm1.qid]
        self.testvm1.start()
        p = self.testvm1.run(self.update_cmd, wait=True, user="root",
                             passio_popen=True, passio_stderr=True)
        (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
        self.assertIn(p.wait(), self.exit_code_ok,
                      "{}: {}\n{}".format(self.update_cmd, stdout, stderr)
                      )

    def create_repo_apt(self):
        pkg_file_name = "test-pkg_1.0-1_amd64.deb"
        p = self.netvm_repo.run("mkdir /tmp/apt-repo && cd /tmp/apt-repo &&"
                                "base64 -d | zcat > {}".format(pkg_file_name),
                                passio_popen=True)
        p.stdin.write(self.DEB_PACKAGE_GZIP_BASE64)
        p.stdin.close()
        if p.wait() != 0:
            raise RuntimeError("Failed to write {}".format(pkg_file_name))
        # do not assume dpkg-scanpackage installed
        packages_path = "dists/test/main/binary-amd64/Packages"
        p = self.netvm_repo.run(
            "mkdir -p /tmp/apt-repo/dists/test/main/binary-amd64 && "
            "cd /tmp/apt-repo && "
            "cat > {packages} && "
            "echo MD5sum: $(openssl md5 -r {pkg} | cut -f 1 -d ' ')"
            " >> {packages} && "
            "echo SHA1: $(openssl sha1 -r {pkg} | cut -f 1 -d ' ')"
            " >> {packages} && "
            "echo SHA256: $(openssl sha256 -r {pkg} | cut -f 1 -d ' ')"
            " >> {packages} && "
            "gzip < {packages} > {packages}.gz".format(pkg=pkg_file_name,
                                                       packages=packages_path),
            passio_popen=True, passio_stderr=True)
        p.stdin.write(
            "Package: test-pkg\n"
            "Version: 1.0-1\n"
            "Architecture: amd64\n"
            "Maintainer: unknown <user@host>\n"
            "Installed-Size: 25\n"
            "Filename: {pkg}\n"
            "Size: 994\n"
            "Section: unknown\n"
            "Priority: optional\n"
            "Description: Test package\n".format(pkg=pkg_file_name)
        )
        p.stdin.close()
        if p.wait() != 0:
            raise RuntimeError("Failed to write Packages file: {}".format(
                p.stderr.read()))

        p = self.netvm_repo.run(
            "mkdir -p /tmp/apt-repo/dists/test && "
            "cd /tmp/apt-repo/dists/test && "
            "cat > Release && "
            "echo '' $(sha256sum {p} | cut -f 1 -d ' ') $(stat -c %s {p}) {p}"
            " >> Release && "
            "echo '' $(sha256sum {z} | cut -f 1 -d ' ') $(stat -c %s {z}) {z}"
            " >> Release"
            .format(p="main/binary-amd64/Packages",
                    z="main/binary-amd64/Packages.gz"),
            passio_popen=True, passio_stderr=True
        )
        p.stdin.write(
            "Label: Test repo\n"
            "Suite: test\n"
            "Codename: test\n"
            "Date: Tue, 27 Oct 2015 03:22:09 UTC\n"
            "Architectures: amd64\n"
            "Components: main\n"
            "SHA256:\n"
        )
        p.stdin.close()
        if p.wait() != 0:
            raise RuntimeError("Failed to write Release file: {}".format(
                p.stderr.read()))

    def create_repo_yum(self):
        pkg_file_name = "test-pkg-1.0-1.fc21.x86_64.rpm"
        p = self.netvm_repo.run("mkdir /tmp/yum-repo && cd /tmp/yum-repo &&"
                                "base64 -d | zcat > {}".format(pkg_file_name),
                                passio_popen=True, passio_stderr=True)
        p.stdin.write(self.RPM_PACKAGE_GZIP_BASE64)
        p.stdin.close()
        if p.wait() != 0:
            raise RuntimeError("Failed to write {}: {}".format(pkg_file_name,
                                                               p.stderr.read()))

        # createrepo is installed by default in Fedora template
        p = self.netvm_repo.run("createrepo /tmp/yum-repo",
                                passio_popen=True,
                                passio_stderr=True)
        if p.wait() != 0:
            raise RuntimeError("Failed to create yum metadata: {}".format(
                p.stderr.read()))

    def create_repo_and_serve(self):
        if self.template.count("debian") or self.template.count("whonix"):
            self.create_repo_apt()
            self.netvm_repo.run("cd /tmp/apt-repo &&"
                                "python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8080")
        elif self.template.count("fedora"):
            self.create_repo_yum()
            self.netvm_repo.run("cd /tmp/yum-repo &&"
                                "python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8080")
        else:
            # not reachable...
            self.skipTest("Template {} not supported by this test".format(
                self.template))

    def configure_test_repo(self):
        """
        Configure test repository in test-vm and disable rest of them.
        The critical part is to use "localhost" - this will work only when
        accessed through update proxy and this is exactly what we want to
        test here.
        """

        if self.template.count("debian") or self.template.count("whonix"):
            self.testvm1.run(
                "rm -f /etc/apt/sources.list.d/* &&"
                "echo 'deb [trusted=yes] http://localhost:8080 test main' "
                "> /etc/apt/sources.list",
                user="root")
        elif self.template.count("fedora"):
            self.testvm1.run(
                "rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo &&"
                "echo '[test]' > /etc/yum.repos.d/test.repo &&"
                "echo 'name=Test repo' >> /etc/yum.repos.d/test.repo &&"
                "echo 'gpgcheck=0' >> /etc/yum.repos.d/test.repo &&"
                "echo 'baseurl=http://localhost:8080/'"
                " >> /etc/yum.repos.d/test.repo",
                user="root"
            )
        else:
            # not reachable...
            self.skipTest("Template {} not supported by this test".format(
                self.template))

    def test_010_update_via_proxy(self):
        """
        Test both whether updates proxy works and whether is actually used by the VM
        """
        if self.template.count("minimal"):
            self.skipTest("Template {} not supported by this test".format(
                self.template))

        self.netvm_repo = self.qc.add_new_vm(
            "QubesNetVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('net'),
            template=self.qc.get_vm_by_name(self.template))
        self.netvm_repo.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.testvm1.netvm = self.netvm_repo
        # NetVM should have qubes-updates-proxy enabled by default
        #self.netvm_repo.services['qubes-updates-proxy'] = True
        # TODO: consider also adding a test for the template itself
        self.testvm1.services['updates-proxy-setup'] = True
        self.qc.save()
        self.qc.unlock_db()

        # Setup test repo
        self.netvm_repo.start()
        self.create_repo_and_serve()

        # Configure local repo
        self.testvm1.start()
        self.configure_test_repo()

        # update repository metadata
        p = self.testvm1.run(self.update_cmd, wait=True, user="root",
                             passio_popen=True, passio_stderr=True)
        (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
        self.assertIn(p.wait(), self.exit_code_ok,
                      "{}: {}\n{}".format(self.update_cmd, stdout, stderr)
                      )

        # install test package
        p = self.testvm1.run(self.install_cmd.format('test-pkg'),
                             wait=True, user="root",
                             passio_popen=True, passio_stderr=True)
        (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
        self.assertIn(p.wait(), self.exit_code_ok,
                      "{}: {}\n{}".format(self.update_cmd, stdout, stderr)
                      )

        # verify if it was really installed
        p = self.testvm1.run(self.install_test_cmd.format('test-pkg'),
                             wait=True, user="root",
                             passio_popen=True, passio_stderr=True)
        (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
        self.assertIn(p.wait(), self.exit_code_ok,
                      "{}: {}\n{}".format(self.update_cmd, stdout, stderr)
                      )

def load_tests(loader, tests, pattern):
    try:
        qc = qubes.qubes.QubesVmCollection()
        qc.lock_db_for_reading()
        qc.load()
        qc.unlock_db()
        templates = [vm.name for vm in qc.values() if
                     isinstance(vm, qubes.qubes.QubesTemplateVm)]
    except OSError:
        templates = []
    for template in templates:
        tests.addTests(loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(
            type(
                'VmNetworking_' + template,
                (VmNetworkingMixin, qubes.tests.QubesTestCase),
                {'template': template})))
        tests.addTests(loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(
            type(
                'VmUpdates_' + template,
                (VmUpdatesMixin, qubes.tests.QubesTestCase),
                {'template': template})))
    return tests