diff --git a/.pylintrc b/.pylintrc
index 50bcc2fc..95cc504b 100644
--- a/.pylintrc
+++ b/.pylintrc
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ disable=
   logging-format-interpolation,
   missing-docstring,
   not-an-iterable,
+  raise-missing-from,
   star-args,
   wrong-import-order
 
diff --git a/qubes/__init__.py b/qubes/__init__.py
index f8668ddf..f70f5340 100644
--- a/qubes/__init__.py
+++ b/qubes/__init__.py
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ class PropertyHolder(qubes.events.Emitter):
                 continue
             propvalues[key] = kwargs.pop(key)
 
-        super(PropertyHolder, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
 
         for key, value in propvalues.items():
             setattr(self, key, value)
diff --git a/qubes/app.py b/qubes/app.py
index 42c9bb12..5f0cd97c 100644
--- a/qubes/app.py
+++ b/qubes/app.py
@@ -914,7 +914,7 @@ class Qubes(qubes.PropertyHolder):
                                              qubes.config.system_path[
                                                  'qubes_store_filename']))
 
-        super(Qubes, self).__init__(xml=None, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(xml=None, **kwargs)
 
         self.__load_timestamp = None
         self.__locked_fh = None
diff --git a/qubes/backup.py b/qubes/backup.py
index 6cb95b87..e0c26c52 100644
--- a/qubes/backup.py
+++ b/qubes/backup.py
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ _re_alphanum = re.compile(r'^[A-Za-z0-9-]*$')
 
 class BackupCanceledError(qubes.exc.QubesException):
     def __init__(self, msg, tmpdir=None):
-        super(BackupCanceledError, self).__init__(msg)
+        super().__init__(msg)
         self.tmpdir = tmpdir
 
 
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ class BackupHeader:
 class SendWorker:
     # pylint: disable=too-few-public-methods
     def __init__(self, queue, base_dir, backup_stdout):
-        super(SendWorker, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self.queue = queue
         self.base_dir = base_dir
         self.backup_stdout = backup_stdout
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ class Backup:
         If vms = None, use default list based on vm.include_in_backups property;
         exclude_list is always applied
         """
-        super(Backup, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
 
         #: progress of the backup - bytes handled of the current VM
         self.chunk_size = 100 * 1024 * 1024
diff --git a/qubes/devices.py b/qubes/devices.py
index 76388b4f..f41c8597 100644
--- a/qubes/devices.py
+++ b/qubes/devices.py
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ class DeviceManager(dict):
     '''
 
     def __init__(self, vm):
-        super(DeviceManager, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self._vm = vm
 
     def __missing__(self, key):
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ class UnknownDevice(DeviceInfo):
             frontend_domain=None):
         if description is None:
             description = "Unknown device"
-        super(UnknownDevice, self).__init__(backend_domain, ident, description,
+        super().__init__(backend_domain, ident, description,
             frontend_domain)
 
 
diff --git a/qubes/events.py b/qubes/events.py
index adc2c36f..bad4d902 100644
--- a/qubes/events.py
+++ b/qubes/events.py
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ class Emitter(metaclass=EmitterMeta):
     '''
 
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        super(Emitter, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
         if not hasattr(self, 'events_enabled'):
             self.events_enabled = False
         self.__handlers__ = collections.defaultdict(set)
diff --git a/qubes/exc.py b/qubes/exc.py
index 75992c5b..5139a572 100644
--- a/qubes/exc.py
+++ b/qubes/exc.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ class QubesException(Exception):
 class QubesVMNotFoundError(QubesException, KeyError):
     '''Domain cannot be found in the system'''
     def __init__(self, vmname):
-        super(QubesVMNotFoundError, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             'No such domain: {!r}'.format(vmname))
         self.vmname = vmname
 
@@ -41,13 +41,13 @@ class QubesVMNotFoundError(QubesException, KeyError):
 class QubesVMError(QubesException):
     '''Some problem with domain state.'''
     def __init__(self, vm, msg):
-        super(QubesVMError, self).__init__(msg)
+        super().__init__(msg)
         self.vm = vm
 
 class QubesVMInUseError(QubesVMError):
     '''VM is in use, cannot remove.'''
     def __init__(self, vm, msg=None):
-        super(QubesVMInUseError, self).__init__(vm,
+        super().__init__(vm,
             msg or 'Domain is in use: {!r}'.format(vm.name))
 
 class QubesVMNotStartedError(QubesVMError):
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class QubesVMNotStartedError(QubesVMError):
     (that is, either running or paused).
     '''
     def __init__(self, vm, msg=None):
-        super(QubesVMNotStartedError, self).__init__(vm,
+        super().__init__(vm,
             msg or 'Domain is powered off: {!r}'.format(vm.name))
 
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ class QubesVMNotRunningError(QubesVMNotStartedError):
     halted or paused.
     '''
     def __init__(self, vm, msg=None):
-        super(QubesVMNotRunningError, self).__init__(vm,
+        super().__init__(vm,
             msg or 'Domain not running (either powered off or paused): {!r}' \
                 .format(vm.name))
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ class QubesVMNotPausedError(QubesVMNotStartedError):
     This exception is thrown when machine should be paused, but is not.
     '''
     def __init__(self, vm, msg=None):
-        super(QubesVMNotPausedError, self).__init__(vm,
+        super().__init__(vm,
             msg or 'Domain is not paused: {!r}'.format(vm.name))
 
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class QubesVMNotSuspendedError(QubesVMError):
     halted or running.
     '''
     def __init__(self, vm, msg=None):
-        super(QubesVMNotSuspendedError, self).__init__(vm,
+        super().__init__(vm,
             msg or 'Domain is not suspended: {!r}'.format(vm.name))
 
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ class QubesVMNotHaltedError(QubesVMError):
     running or paused).
     '''
     def __init__(self, vm, msg=None):
-        super(QubesVMNotHaltedError, self).__init__(vm,
+        super().__init__(vm,
             msg or 'Domain is not powered off: {!r}'.format(vm.name))
 
 class QubesVMShutdownTimeoutError(QubesVMError):
@@ -109,21 +109,21 @@ class QubesVMShutdownTimeoutError(QubesVMError):
 
     '''
     def __init__(self, vm, msg=None):
-        super(QubesVMShutdownTimeoutError, self).__init__(vm,
+        super().__init__(vm,
             msg or 'Domain shutdown timed out: {!r}'.format(vm.name))
 
 
 class QubesNoTemplateError(QubesVMError):
     '''Cannot start domain, because there is no template'''
     def __init__(self, vm, msg=None):
-        super(QubesNoTemplateError, self).__init__(vm,
+        super().__init__(vm,
             msg or 'Template for the domain {!r} not found'.format(vm.name))
 
 
 class QubesPoolInUseError(QubesException):
     '''VM is in use, cannot remove.'''
     def __init__(self, pool, msg=None):
-        super(QubesPoolInUseError, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             msg or 'Storage pool is in use: {!r}'.format(pool.name))
 
 
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ class QubesPropertyValueError(QubesValueError):
     '''Cannot set value of qubes.property, because user-supplied value is wrong.
     '''
     def __init__(self, holder, prop, value, msg=None):
-        super(QubesPropertyValueError, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             msg or 'Invalid value {!r} for property {!r} of {!r}'.format(
                 value, prop.__name__, holder))
         self.holder = holder
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ class QubesNoSuchPropertyError(QubesException, AttributeError):
     '''Requested property does not exist
     '''
     def __init__(self, holder, prop_name, msg=None):
-        super(QubesNoSuchPropertyError, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             msg or 'Invalid property {!r} of {!s}'.format(
                 prop_name, holder))
         self.holder = holder
@@ -157,14 +157,14 @@ class QubesNoSuchPropertyError(QubesException, AttributeError):
 class QubesNotImplementedError(QubesException, NotImplementedError):
     '''Thrown at user when some feature is not implemented'''
     def __init__(self, msg=None):
-        super(QubesNotImplementedError, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             msg or 'This feature is not available')
 
 
 class BackupCancelledError(QubesException):
     '''Thrown at user when backup was manually cancelled'''
     def __init__(self, msg=None):
-        super(BackupCancelledError, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             msg or 'Backup cancelled')
 
 
@@ -172,21 +172,21 @@ class BackupAlreadyRunningError(QubesException):
     '''Thrown at user when they try to run the same backup twice at
     the same time'''
     def __init__(self, msg=None):
-        super(BackupAlreadyRunningError, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             msg or 'Backup already running')
 
 
 class QubesMemoryError(QubesVMError, MemoryError):
     '''Cannot start domain, because not enough memory is available'''
     def __init__(self, vm, msg=None):
-        super(QubesMemoryError, self).__init__(vm,
+        super().__init__(vm,
             msg or 'Not enough memory to start domain {!r}'.format(vm.name))
 
 
 class QubesFeatureNotFoundError(QubesException, KeyError):
     '''Feature not set for a given domain'''
     def __init__(self, domain, feature):
-        super(QubesFeatureNotFoundError, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             'Feature not set for domain {}: {}'.format(domain, feature))
         self.feature = feature
         self.vm = domain
diff --git a/qubes/ext/admin.py b/qubes/ext/admin.py
index c58c7bca..1b1865a5 100644
--- a/qubes/ext/admin.py
+++ b/qubes/ext/admin.py
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class JustEvaluateAllowResolution(parser.AllowResolution):
 
 class AdminExtension(qubes.ext.Extension):
     def __init__(self):
-        super(AdminExtension, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         # during tests, __init__() of the extension can be called multiple
         # times, because there are multiple Qubes() object instances
         if not hasattr(self, 'policy_cache'):
diff --git a/qubes/ext/block.py b/qubes/ext/block.py
index 7a0f9fa8..4b654cd9 100644
--- a/qubes/ext/block.py
+++ b/qubes/ext/block.py
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ SYSTEM_DISKS_DOM0_KERNEL = SYSTEM_DISKS + ('xvdd',)
 
 class BlockDevice(qubes.devices.DeviceInfo):
     def __init__(self, backend_domain, ident):
-        super(BlockDevice, self).__init__(backend_domain=backend_domain,
+        super().__init__(backend_domain=backend_domain,
             ident=ident)
         self._description = None
         self._mode = None
diff --git a/qubes/ext/pci.py b/qubes/ext/pci.py
index cb93b30a..4bbfe030 100644
--- a/qubes/ext/pci.py
+++ b/qubes/ext/pci.py
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ class PCIDevice(qubes.devices.DeviceInfo):
             assert dev_match
             ident = '{bus}_{device}.{function}'.format(**dev_match.groupdict())
 
-        super(PCIDevice, self).__init__(backend_domain, ident, None)
+        super().__init__(backend_domain, ident, None)
 
         # lazy loading
         self._description = None
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ class PCIDevice(qubes.devices.DeviceInfo):
 
 class PCIDeviceExtension(qubes.ext.Extension):
     def __init__(self):
-        super(PCIDeviceExtension, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         # lazy load this
         self.pci_classes = {}
 
diff --git a/qubes/firewall.py b/qubes/firewall.py
index f16ccdd6..6f70c8f1 100644
--- a/qubes/firewall.py
+++ b/qubes/firewall.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class RuleChoice(RuleOption):
     # pylint: disable=abstract-method
     def __init__(self, untrusted_value):
         # preliminary validation
-        super(RuleChoice, self).__init__(untrusted_value)
+        super().__init__(untrusted_value)
         self.allowed_values = \
             [v for k, v in self.__class__.__dict__.items()
                 if not k.startswith('__') and isinstance(v, str) and
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class DstHost(RuleOption):
                 except socket.error:
                     raise ValueError('Invalid IP address: ' + untrusted_host)
 
-        super(DstHost, self).__init__(value)
+        super().__init__(value)
 
     @property
     def rule(self):
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ class DstPorts(RuleOption):
             raise ValueError('Ports out of range')
         if self.range[0] > self.range[1]:
             raise ValueError('Invalid port range')
-        super(DstPorts, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             str(self.range[0]) if self.range[0] == self.range[1]
             else '-'.join(map(str, self.range)))
 
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ class IcmpType(RuleOption):
         untrusted_value = int(untrusted_value)
         if untrusted_value < 0 or untrusted_value > 255:
             raise ValueError('ICMP type out of range')
-        super(IcmpType, self).__init__(untrusted_value)
+        super().__init__(untrusted_value)
 
     @property
     def rule(self):
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ class SpecialTarget(RuleChoice):
 
 class Expire(RuleOption):
     def __init__(self, untrusted_value):
-        super(Expire, self).__init__(untrusted_value)
+        super().__init__(untrusted_value)
         self.datetime = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(int(untrusted_value))
 
     @property
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ class Rule(qubes.PropertyHolder):
         :param xml: XML element describing rule, or None
         :param kwargs: rule elements
         '''
-        super(Rule, self).__init__(xml, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(xml, **kwargs)
         self.load_properties()
         self.events_enabled = True
         # validate dependencies
diff --git a/qubes/log.py b/qubes/log.py
index 4bc471a4..5a0934af 100644
--- a/qubes/log.py
+++ b/qubes/log.py
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class DBusHandler(logging.Handler):
     }
 
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        super(DBusHandler, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
         self._notify_object = dbus.SessionBus().get_object(
             'org.freedesktop.Notifications', '/org/freedesktop/Notifications')
diff --git a/qubes/tarwriter.py b/qubes/tarwriter.py
index 1f4a6aa2..0d1e10d5 100644
--- a/qubes/tarwriter.py
+++ b/qubes/tarwriter.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ BUF_SIZE = 409600
 
 class TarSparseInfo(tarfile.TarInfo):
     def __init__(self, name="", sparsemap=None):
-        super(TarSparseInfo, self).__init__(name)
+        super().__init__(name)
         if sparsemap is not None:
             self.type = tarfile.REGTYPE
             self.sparsemap = sparsemap
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class TarSparseInfo(tarfile.TarInfo):
     def tobuf(self, format=tarfile.PAX_FORMAT, encoding=tarfile.ENCODING,
             errors="strict"):
         # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
-        header_buf = super(TarSparseInfo, self).tobuf(format, encoding, errors)
+        header_buf = super().tobuf(format, encoding, errors)
         return header_buf + self.sparsemap_buf
 
 def get_sparse_map(input_file):
diff --git a/qubes/tools/__init__.py b/qubes/tools/__init__.py
index 8ebc72be..0a85c8ff 100644
--- a/qubes/tools/__init__.py
+++ b/qubes/tools/__init__.py
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class PropertyAction(argparse.Action):
             metavar='NAME=VALUE',
             required=False,
             help='set property to a value'):
-        super(PropertyAction, self).__init__(option_strings, 'properties',
+        super().__init__(option_strings, 'properties',
             metavar=metavar, default={}, help=help)
 
     def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class SinglePropertyAction(argparse.Action):
         if const is not None:
             nargs = 0
 
-        super(SinglePropertyAction, self).__init__(option_strings, 'properties',
+        super().__init__(option_strings, 'properties',
             metavar=metavar, help=help, default={}, const=const,
             nargs=nargs)
 
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class HelpPropertiesAction(argparse.Action):
             default=argparse.SUPPRESS,
             help='list all available properties with short descriptions'
                 ' and exit'):
-        super(HelpPropertiesAction, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             option_strings=option_strings,
             dest=dest,
             default=default,
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ class VmNameAction(QubesAction):
                     nargs, "Passed unexpected value {!s} as {!s} nargs ".format(
                         nargs, dest))
 
-        super(VmNameAction, self).__init__(option_strings, dest=dest, help=help,
+        super().__init__(option_strings, dest=dest, help=help,
                                            nargs=nargs, **kwargs)
 
     def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
@@ -215,11 +215,11 @@ class RunningVmNameAction(VmNameAction):
                 raise argparse.ArgumentError(
                     nargs, "Passed unexpected value {!s} as {!s} nargs ".format(
                         nargs, dest))
-        super(RunningVmNameAction, self).__init__(
+        super().__init__(
             option_strings, dest=dest, help=help, nargs=nargs, **kwargs)
 
     def parse_qubes_app(self, parser, namespace):
-        super(RunningVmNameAction, self).parse_qubes_app(parser, namespace)
+        super().parse_qubes_app(parser, namespace)
         for vm in namespace.domains:
             if not vm.is_running():
                 parser.error_runtime("domain {!r} is not running".format(
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ class VolumeAction(QubesAction):
     def __init__(self, help='A pool & volume id combination',
                  required=True, **kwargs):
         # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
-        super(VolumeAction, self).__init__(help=help, required=required,
+        super().__init__(help=help, required=required,
                                            **kwargs)
 
     def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ class QubesArgumentParser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
     def __init__(self, want_app=True, want_app_no_instance=False,
                  want_force_root=False, vmname_nargs=None, **kwargs):
 
-        super(QubesArgumentParser, self).__init__(**kwargs)
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
 
         self._want_app = want_app
         self._want_app_no_instance = want_app_no_instance
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ class QubesArgumentParser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
         self.set_defaults(verbose=1, quiet=0)
 
     def parse_args(self, args=None, namespace=None):
-        namespace = super(QubesArgumentParser, self).parse_args(args, namespace)
+        namespace = super().parse_args(args, namespace)
 
         if self._want_app and not self._want_app_no_instance:
             self.set_qubes_verbosity(namespace)
@@ -437,8 +437,7 @@ class AliasedSubParsersAction(argparse._SubParsersAction):
             dest = name
             if aliases:
                 dest += ' (%s)' % ','.join(aliases)
-            sup = super(AliasedSubParsersAction._AliasedPseudoAction, self)
-            sup.__init__(option_strings=[], dest=dest, help=help)
+            super().__init__(option_strings=[], dest=dest, help=help)
 
         def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
             raise NotImplementedError
@@ -450,8 +449,7 @@ class AliasedSubParsersAction(argparse._SubParsersAction):
         else:
             aliases = []
 
-        local_parser = super(AliasedSubParsersAction, self).add_parser(
-            name, **kwargs)
+        local_parser = super().add_parser(name, **kwargs)
 
         # Make the aliases work.
         for alias in aliases:
@@ -497,7 +495,7 @@ class VmNameGroup(argparse._MutuallyExclusiveGroup):
 
     def __init__(self, container, required, vm_action=VmNameAction, help=None):
         # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
-        super(VmNameGroup, self).__init__(container, required=required)
+        super().__init__(container, required=required)
         if not help:
             help = 'perform the action on all qubes'
         self.add_argument('--all', action='store_true', dest='all_domains',
diff --git a/qubes/vm/__init__.py b/qubes/vm/__init__.py
index 569df4d0..31e35b7a 100644
--- a/qubes/vm/__init__.py
+++ b/qubes/vm/__init__.py
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ class Tags(set):
     # using official documentation, but use only our (overloaded) methods.
     #
     def __init__(self, vm, seq=()):
-        super(Tags, self).__init__()
+        super().__init__()
         self.vm = vm
         self.update(seq)
 
@@ -148,12 +148,12 @@ class Tags(set):
             raise ValueError('Invalid character in tag')
         if elem in self:
             return
-        super(Tags, self).add(elem)
+        super().add(elem)
         self.vm.fire_event('domain-tag-add:' + elem, tag=elem)
 
     def remove(self, elem):
         '''Remove a tag'''
-        super(Tags, self).remove(elem)
+        super().remove(elem)
         self.vm.fire_event('domain-tag-delete:' + elem, tag=elem)
 
     #
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ class BaseVM(qubes.PropertyHolder):
         #: mother :py:class:`qubes.Qubes` object
         self.app = app
 
-        super(BaseVM, self).__init__(xml, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(xml, **kwargs)
 
         #: dictionary of features of this qube
         self.features = qubes.features.Features(self, features)
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ class VMProperty(qubes.property):
             raise TypeError(
                 "'vmclass' should specify a subclass of qubes.vm.BaseVM")
 
-        super(VMProperty, self).__init__(name,
+        super().__init__(name,
             saver=(lambda self_, prop, value:
                 self._none_value if value is None else value.name),
             **kwargs)
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ class VMProperty(qubes.property):
             value = None
         if value is None:
             if self.allow_none:
-                super(VMProperty, self).__set__(instance, value)
+                super().__set__(instance, value)
                 return
             raise ValueError(
                 'Property {!r} does not allow setting to {!r}'.format(
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ class VMProperty(qubes.property):
                     vm.__class__.__name__,
                     self.vmclass.__name__))
 
-        super(VMProperty, self).__set__(instance, vm)
+        super().__set__(instance, vm)
 
     def sanitize(self, *, untrusted_newvalue):
         try:
diff --git a/qubes/vm/appvm.py b/qubes/vm/appvm.py
index 839a0d4e..d54bff5f 100644
--- a/qubes/vm/appvm.py
+++ b/qubes/vm/appvm.py
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class AppVM(qubes.vm.mix.dvmtemplate.DVMTemplateMixin,
                     if 'vid' in self.volume_config[name]:
                         del self.volume_config[name]['vid']
 
-        super(AppVM, self).__init__(app, xml, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(app, xml, **kwargs)
 
     @qubes.events.handler('domain-load')
     def on_domain_loaded(self, event):
diff --git a/qubes/vm/dispvm.py b/qubes/vm/dispvm.py
index 53babe48..cd64ffff 100644
--- a/qubes/vm/dispvm.py
+++ b/qubes/vm/dispvm.py
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ class DispVM(qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM):
                         and 'pool' in config:
                     self.volume_config[name]['pool'] = config['pool']
 
-        super(DispVM, self).__init__(app, xml, *args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(app, xml, *args, **kwargs)
 
         if xml is None:
             # by default inherit properties from the DispVM template
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ class DispVM(qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM):
                     'template for DispVM ({}) needs to have '
                     'template_for_dispvms=True'.format(self.template.name))
 
-            yield from super(DispVM, self).start(**kwargs)
+            yield from super().start(**kwargs)
         except:
             # Cleanup also on failed startup
             yield from self._auto_cleanup()
diff --git a/qubes/vm/mix/net.py b/qubes/vm/mix/net.py
index 77277d76..baa8732b 100644
--- a/qubes/vm/mix/net.py
+++ b/qubes/vm/mix/net.py
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ class NetVMMixin(qubes.events.Emitter):
 
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         self._firewall = None
-        super(NetVMMixin, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
     @qubes.events.handler('domain-load')
     def on_domain_load_netvm_loop_check(self, event):
diff --git a/qubes/vm/qubesvm.py b/qubes/vm/qubesvm.py
index 9b29785b..50761760 100644
--- a/qubes/vm/qubesvm.py
+++ b/qubes/vm/qubesvm.py
@@ -864,7 +864,7 @@ class QubesVM(qubes.vm.mix.net.NetVMMixin, qubes.vm.BaseVM):
                     kwargs['virt_mode'] = 'pv'
                 node_hvm.getparent().remove(node_hvm)
 
-        super(QubesVM, self).__init__(app, xml, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(app, xml, **kwargs)
 
         if volume_config is None:
             volume_config = {}
@@ -950,7 +950,7 @@ class QubesVM(qubes.vm.mix.net.NetVMMixin, qubes.vm.BaseVM):
 
     def __xml__(self):
         # pylint: disable=no-member
-        element = super(QubesVM, self).__xml__()
+        element = super().__xml__()
         # pylint: enable=no-member
 
         if hasattr(self, 'volumes'):
diff --git a/qubes/vm/standalonevm.py b/qubes/vm/standalonevm.py
index aec3f45d..992f91ad 100644
--- a/qubes/vm/standalonevm.py
+++ b/qubes/vm/standalonevm.py
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ class StandaloneVM(qubes.vm.mix.dvmtemplate.DVMTemplateMixin,
                 'rw': False,
             }
         }
-        super(StandaloneVM, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
diff --git a/qubes/vm/templatevm.py b/qubes/vm/templatevm.py
index 01ab5278..3bb0e7d1 100644
--- a/qubes/vm/templatevm.py
+++ b/qubes/vm/templatevm.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ class TemplateVM(QubesVM):
                 'rw': False
             }
         }
-        super(TemplateVM, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
     @qubes.events.handler('property-set:default_user',
                           'property-set:kernel',