#!/usr/bin/python2 -O # vim: fileencoding=utf-8 # # The Qubes OS Project, https://www.qubes-os.org/ # # Copyright (C) 2010-2015 Joanna Rutkowska # Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Marek Marczykowski-Górecki # # Copyright (C) 2014-2015 Wojtek Porczyk # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along # with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., # 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. # from __future__ import absolute_import import base64 import datetime import itertools import os import os.path import re import shutil import subprocess import sys import time import uuid import warnings import lxml import libvirt import qubes import qubes.config import qubes.exc import qubes.storage import qubes.storage.domain import qubes.storage.file import qubes.tools.qvm_ls import qubes.utils import qubes.vm import qubes.vm.mix.net qmemman_present = False try: import qubes.qmemman.client # pylint: disable=wrong-import-position qmemman_present = True except ImportError: pass MEM_OVERHEAD_BASE = (3 + 1) * 1024 * 1024 MEM_OVERHEAD_PER_VCPU = 3 * 1024 * 1024 / 2 def _setter_qid(self, prop, value): # pylint: disable=unused-argument value = int(value) if not 0 <= value <= qubes.config.max_qid: raise ValueError( '{} value must be between 0 and qubes.config.max_qid'.format( prop.__name__)) return value def _setter_name(self, prop, value): if not isinstance(value, basestring): raise TypeError('{} value must be string, {!r} found'.format( prop.__name__, type(value).__name__)) if len(value) > 31: raise ValueError('{} value must be shorter than 32 characters'.format( prop.__name__)) # this regexp does not contain '+'; if it had it, we should specifically # disallow 'lost+found' #1440 if re.match(r"^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*$", value) is None: raise ValueError('{} value contains illegal characters'.format( prop.__name__)) if self.is_running(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotHaltedError( self, 'Cannot change name of running VM') try: if self.installed_by_rpm: raise qubes.exc.QubesException('Cannot rename VM installed by RPM ' '-- first clone VM and then use yum to remove package.') except AttributeError: pass if value in self.app.domains: raise qubes.exc.QubesValueError( 'VM named {} alread exists'.format(value)) return value def _setter_kernel(self, prop, value): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if value is None: return value value = str(value) dirname = os.path.join( qubes.config.system_path['qubes_base_dir'], qubes.config.system_path['qubes_kernels_base_dir'], value) if not os.path.exists(dirname): raise qubes.exc.QubesPropertyValueError(self, prop, value, 'Kernel {!r} not installed'.format(value)) for filename in ('vmlinuz', 'initramfs'): if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(dirname, filename)): raise qubes.exc.QubesPropertyValueError(self, prop, value, 'Kernel {!r} not properly installed: missing {!r} file'.format( value, filename)) return value def _setter_label(self, prop, value): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if isinstance(value, qubes.Label): return value if isinstance(value, basestring) and value.startswith('label-'): return self.app.labels[int(value.split('-', 1)[1])] return self.app.get_label(value) def _setter_positive_int(self, prop, value): # pylint: disable=unused-argument value = int(value) if value <= 0: raise ValueError('Value must be positive') return value class QubesVM(qubes.vm.mix.net.NetVMMixin, qubes.vm.BaseVM): '''Base functionality of Qubes VM shared between all VMs.''' # # per-class properties # #: directory in which domains of this class will reside dir_path_prefix = qubes.config.system_path['qubes_appvms_dir'] # # properties loaded from XML # label = qubes.property('label', setter=_setter_label, saver=(lambda self, prop, value: 'label-{}'.format(value.index)), ls_width=14, doc='''Colourful label assigned to VM. This is where the colour of the padlock is set.''') # provides_network = qubes.property('provides_network', # type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, # doc='`True` if it is NetVM or ProxyVM, false otherwise.') qid = qubes.property('qid', type=int, write_once=True, setter=_setter_qid, clone=False, ls_width=3, doc='''Internal, persistent identificator of particular domain. Note this is different from Xen domid.''') name = qubes.property('name', type=str, clone=False, ls_width=31, doc='User-specified name of the domain.') uuid = qubes.property('uuid', type=uuid.UUID, write_once=True, clone=False, ls_width=36, doc='UUID from libvirt.') hvm = qubes.property('hvm', type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, default=False, doc='''Use full virtualisation (HVM) for this qube, instead of paravirtualisation (PV)''') # XXX this should be part of qubes.xml firewall_conf = qubes.property('firewall_conf', type=str, default='firewall.xml') installed_by_rpm = qubes.property('installed_by_rpm', type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, default=False, doc='''If this domain's image was installed from package tracked by package manager.''') memory = qubes.property('memory', type=int, setter=_setter_positive_int, default=(lambda self: qubes.config.defaults['hvm_memory' if self.hvm else 'memory']), doc='Memory currently available for this VM.') maxmem = qubes.property('maxmem', type=int, setter=_setter_positive_int, default=(lambda self: self.app.host.memory_total / 1024 / 2), doc='''Maximum amount of memory available for this VM (for the purpose of the memory balancer).''') internal = qubes.property('internal', default=False, type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='''Internal VM (not shown in qubes-manager, don't create appmenus entries.''') # FIXME self.app.host could not exist - only self.app.vm required by API vcpus = qubes.property('vcpus', type=int, setter=_setter_positive_int, default=(lambda self: self.app.host.no_cpus), ls_width=2, doc='FIXME') pool_name = qubes.property('pool_name', default='default', doc='storage pool for this qube devices') dir_path = property('dir_path', (lambda self: os.path.join(qubes.config.system_path['qubes_base_dir'], self.dir_path_prefix, self.name)), doc='Root directory for files related to this domain') # XXX swallowed uses_default_kernel # XXX not applicable to HVM? kernel = qubes.property('kernel', type=str, setter=_setter_kernel, default=(lambda self: self.app.default_kernel), ls_width=12, doc='Kernel used by this domain.') # XXX swallowed uses_default_kernelopts # XXX not applicable to HVM? kernelopts = qubes.property('kernelopts', type=str, load_stage=4, default=(lambda self: qubes.config.defaults['kernelopts_pcidevs'] \ if len(self.devices['pci']) > 0 \ else self.template.kernelopts if hasattr(self, 'template') \ else qubes.config.defaults['kernelopts']), ls_width=30, doc='Kernel command line passed to domain.') debug = qubes.property('debug', type=bool, default=False, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='Turns on debugging features.') # XXX what this exactly does? # XXX shouldn't this go to standalone VM and TemplateVM, and leave here # only plain property? default_user = qubes.property('default_user', type=str, default=(lambda self: self.template.default_user if hasattr(self, 'template') else 'user'), ls_width=12, doc='FIXME') # @property # def default_user(self): # if self.template is not None: # return self.template.default_user # else: # return self._default_user qrexec_timeout = qubes.property('qrexec_timeout', type=int, default=60, setter=_setter_positive_int, ls_width=3, doc='''Time in seconds after which qrexec connection attempt is deemed failed. Operating system inside VM should be able to boot in this time.''') autostart = qubes.property('autostart', default=False, type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='''Setting this to `True` means that VM should be autostarted on dom0 boot.''') include_in_backups = qubes.property('include_in_backups', default=(lambda self: not self.internal), type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='If this domain is to be included in default backup.') # format got changed from %s to str(datetime.datetime) backup_timestamp = qubes.property('backup_timestamp', default=None, setter=(lambda self, prop, value: value if isinstance(value, datetime.datetime) else datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(int(value))), saver=(lambda self, prop, value: value.strftime('%s')), doc='FIXME') # # static, class-wide properties # # # properties not loaded from XML, calculated at run-time # def __str__(self): return self.name # VMM-related @qubes.tools.qvm_ls.column(width=3) @property def xid(self): '''Xen ID. Or not Xen, but ID. ''' if self.libvirt_domain is None: return -1 try: return self.libvirt_domain.ID() except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() == libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN: return -1 else: self.log.exception('libvirt error code: {!r}'.format( e.get_error_code())) raise @property def libvirt_domain(self): '''Libvirt domain object from libvirt. May be :py:obj:`None`, if libvirt knows nothing about this domain. ''' if self._libvirt_domain is not None: return self._libvirt_domain # XXX _update_libvirt_domain? try: self._libvirt_domain = self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.lookupByUUID( self.uuid.bytes) except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() == libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN: self._update_libvirt_domain() else: raise return self._libvirt_domain @property def block_devices(self): ''' Return all :py:class:`qubes.devices.BlockDevice`s for current domain for serialization in the libvirt XML template as . ''' return [v.block_device() for v in self.volumes.values()] @property def qdb(self): '''QubesDB handle for this domain.''' if self._qdb_connection is None: if self.is_running(): import qubesdb # pylint: disable=import-error self._qdb_connection = qubesdb.QubesDB(self.name) return self._qdb_connection # XXX this should go to to AppVM? @property def private_img(self): '''Location of private image of the VM (that contains :file:`/rw` \ and :file:`/home`).''' warnings.warn("volatile_img is deprecated, use volumes['private'].vid", DeprecationWarning) return self.volumes['private'].vid # XXX this should go to to AppVM? or TemplateVM? @property def root_img(self): '''Location of root image.''' warnings.warn("root_img is deprecated, use volumes['root'].vid", DeprecationWarning) return self.volumes['root'].vid # XXX and this should go to exactly where? DispVM has it. @property def volatile_img(self): '''Volatile image that overlays :py:attr:`root_img`.''' warnings.warn("volatile_img is deprecated, use volumes['volatile'].vid", DeprecationWarning) return self.volumes['volatile'].vid # XXX shouldn't this go elsewhere? @property def updateable(self): '''True if this machine may be updated on its own.''' return not hasattr(self, 'template') @property def icon_path(self): return os.path.join(self.dir_path, 'icon.png') @property def conf_file(self): return os.path.join(self.dir_path, 'libvirt.xml') # XXX I don't know what to do with these; probably should be isinstance(...) def is_template(self): warnings.warn('vm.is_template() is deprecated, use isinstance()', DeprecationWarning) import qubes.vm.templatevm # pylint: disable=redefined-outer-name return isinstance(self, qubes.vm.templatevm.TemplateVM) def is_appvm(self): warnings.warn('vm.is_appvm() is deprecated, use isinstance()', DeprecationWarning) import qubes.vm.appvm # pylint: disable=redefined-outer-name return isinstance(self, qubes.vm.appvm.AppVM) def is_proxyvm(self): warnings.warn('vm.is_proxyvm() is deprecated', DeprecationWarning) return self.netvm is not None and self.provides_network def is_disposablevm(self): warnings.warn('vm.is_disposable() is deprecated, use isinstance()', DeprecationWarning) import qubes.vm.dispvm # pylint: disable=redefined-outer-name return isinstance(self, qubes.vm.dispvm.DispVM) def is_netvm(self): warnings.warn('vm.is_netvm() is deprecated, use isinstance()', DeprecationWarning) return isinstance(self, qubes.vm.mix.net.NetVMMixin) \ and self.provides_network # network-related # # constructor # def __init__(self, app, xml, volume_config=None, **kwargs): super(QubesVM, self).__init__(app, xml, **kwargs) self.volumes = {} self.storage = None self.volume_config = {} if volume_config is None: volume_config = {} if hasattr(self, 'volume_config'): if xml is not None: for node in xml.xpath('volume-config/volume'): name = node.get('name') assert name for key, value in node.items(): self.volume_config[name][key] = value for name, conf in volume_config.items(): for key, value in conf.items(): self.volume_config[name][key] = value elif volume_config: raise TypeError( 'volume_config specified, but {} did not expect that.'.format( self.__class__.__name__)) import qubes.vm.adminvm # pylint: disable=redefined-outer-name # Init private attrs self._libvirt_domain = None self._qdb_connection = None if xml is None: # we are creating new VM and attributes came through kwargs assert hasattr(self, 'qid') assert hasattr(self, 'name') # Linux specific cap: max memory can't scale beyond 10.79*init_mem # see https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/qubes-devel/VRqkFj1IOtA if self.maxmem > self.memory * 10: self.maxmem = self.memory * 10 # By default allow use all VCPUs # if not hasattr(self, 'vcpus') and not self.app.vmm.offline_mode: # self.vcpus = self.app.host.no_cpus if len(self.devices['pci']) > 0: # Force meminfo-writer disabled when VM have PCI devices self.features['meminfo-writer'] = None elif not isinstance(self, qubes.vm.adminvm.AdminVM) \ and 'meminfo-writer' not in self.features: # Always set if meminfo-writer should be active or not self.features['meminfo-writer'] = '1' if xml is None: # new qube, disable updates check if requested for new qubes # TODO: when features (#1637) are done, migrate to plugin if not self.app.check_updates_vm: self.features['check-updates'] = None # will be initialized after loading all the properties # fire hooks if xml is None: self.events_enabled = True self.fire_event('domain-init') def __xml__(self): element = super(QubesVM, self).__xml__() if hasattr(self, 'volumes'): volume_config_node = lxml.etree.Element('volume-config') for volume in self.volumes.values(): volume_config_node.append(volume.__xml__()) element.append(volume_config_node) return element # # event handlers # @qubes.events.handler('domain-init', 'domain-load') def on_domain_init_loaded(self, event): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if not hasattr(self, 'uuid'): self.uuid = uuid.uuid4() # Initialize VM image storage class # XXX why not in constructor? self.storage = qubes.storage.Storage(self) vm_pool = qubes.storage.domain.DomainPool(self) self.app.pools[vm_pool.name] = vm_pool @qubes.events.handler('property-set:label') def on_property_set_label(self, event, name, new_label, old_label=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if self.icon_path: try: os.remove(self.icon_path) except OSError: pass if hasattr(os, "symlink"): os.symlink(new_label.icon_path, self.icon_path) # FIXME: some os-independent wrapper? subprocess.call(['sudo', 'xdg-icon-resource', 'forceupdate']) else: shutil.copy(new_label.icon_path, self.icon_path) @qubes.events.handler('property-pre-set:name') def on_property_pre_set_name(self, event, name, newvalue, oldvalue=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if newvalue in [d.name for d in self.app.domains.values()]: raise qubes.exc.QubesValueError( "A domain with name %s already exists", newvalue) # TODO not self.is_stopped() would be more appropriate if self.is_running(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotHaltedError( 'Cannot change name of running domain {!r}'.format(oldvalue)) if self.autostart: subprocess.check_call(['sudo', 'systemctl', '-q', 'disable', 'qubes-vm@{}.service'.format(oldvalue)]) try: self.app.domains[newvalue] except KeyError: pass else: raise qubes.exc.QubesValueError( 'VM named {!r} already exists'.format(newvalue)) @qubes.events.handler('property-set:name') def on_property_set_name(self, event, name, new_name, old_name=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument self.init_log() if self._libvirt_domain is not None: self.libvirt_domain.undefine() self._libvirt_domain = None if self._qdb_connection is not None: self._qdb_connection.close() self._qdb_connection = None self.storage.rename(old_name, new_name) self._update_libvirt_domain() if self.autostart: self.autostart = self.autostart @qubes.events.handler('property-pre-set:autostart') def on_property_pre_set_autostart(self, event, prop, value, oldvalue=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument # workaround https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1181922 if value: retcode = subprocess.call( ["sudo", "ln", "-sf", "/usr/lib/systemd/system/qubes-vm@.service", "/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/qubes-vm@{" "}".format(self.name)]) else: retcode = subprocess.call( ['sudo', 'systemctl', 'disable', 'qubes-vm@{}.service'.format(self.name)]) if retcode: raise qubes.exc.QubesException( 'Failed to set autostart for VM in systemd') @qubes.events.handler('device-pre-attach:pci') def on_device_pre_attached_pci(self, event, pci): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if not os.path.exists('/sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:{}'.format(pci)): raise qubes.exc.QubesException('Invalid PCI device: {}'.format(pci)) if not self.is_running(): return try: # TODO: libvirt-ise subprocess.check_call( ['sudo', qubes.config.system_path['qubes_pciback_cmd'], pci]) subprocess.check_call( ['sudo', 'xl', 'pci-attach', str(self.xid), pci]) except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e: self.log.exception('Failed to attach PCI device {!r} on the fly,' ' changes will be seen after VM restart.'.format(pci), e) @qubes.events.handler('device-pre-detach:pci') def on_device_pre_detached_pci(self, event, pci): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if not self.is_running(): return # TODO: libvirt-ise p = subprocess.Popen(['xl', 'pci-list', str(self.xid)], stdout=subprocess.PIPE) result = p.communicate() m = re.search(r"^(\d+.\d+)\s+0000:%s$" % pci, result[0], flags=re.MULTILINE) if not m: print >>sys.stderr, "Device %s already detached" % pci return vmdev = m.group(1) try: self.run_service("qubes.DetachPciDevice", user="root", input="00:%s" % vmdev) subprocess.check_call( ['sudo', 'xl', 'pci-detach', str(self.xid), pci]) except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e: self.log.exception('Failed to detach PCI device {!r} on the fly,' ' changes will be seen after VM restart.'.format(pci), e) # # methods for changing domain state # def start(self, preparing_dvm=False, start_guid=True, notify_function=None, mem_required=None): '''Start domain :param bool preparing_dvm: FIXME :param bool start_guid: FIXME :param collections.Callable notify_function: FIXME :param int mem_required: FIXME ''' # Intentionally not used is_running(): eliminate also "Paused", # "Crashed", "Halting" if self.get_power_state() != 'Halted': raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotHaltedError(self) self.log.info('Starting {}'.format(self.name)) self.fire_event_pre('domain-pre-start', preparing_dvm=preparing_dvm, start_guid=start_guid, mem_required=mem_required) self.verify_files() if self.netvm is not None: if self.netvm.qid != 0: if not self.netvm.is_running(): self.netvm.start(start_guid=start_guid, notify_function=notify_function) self.storage.start() self._update_libvirt_domain() qmemman_client = self.request_memory(mem_required) # Bind pci devices to pciback driver for pci in self.devices['pci']: try: node = self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.nodeDeviceLookupByName( 'pci_0000_' + pci.replace(':', '_').replace('.', '_')) except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() == libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_NODE_DEVICE: raise qubes.exc.QubesException( 'PCI device {!r} does not exist (domain {!r})'.format( pci, self.name)) try: node.dettach() except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() == libvirt.VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR: # allreaddy dettached pass else: raise self.libvirt_domain.createWithFlags(libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_START_PAUSED) try: self.fire_event('domain-spawn', preparing_dvm=preparing_dvm, start_guid=start_guid) self.log.info('Setting Qubes DB info for the VM') self.start_qubesdb() self.create_qdb_entries() if preparing_dvm: self.qdb.write('/dvm', '1') self.log.warning('Activating the {} VM'.format(self.name)) self.libvirt_domain.resume() # close() is not really needed, because the descriptor is # close-on-exec anyway, the reason to postpone close() is that # possibly xl is not done constructing the domain after its main # process exits so we close() when we know the domain is up the # successful unpause is some indicator of it if qmemman_client: qmemman_client.close() # if self._start_guid_first and start_guid and not preparing_dvm \ # and os.path.exists('/var/run/shm.id'): # self.start_guid() if not preparing_dvm: self.start_qrexec_daemon() self.fire_event('domain-start', preparing_dvm=preparing_dvm, start_guid=start_guid) except: # pylint: disable=bare-except if self.is_running() or self.is_paused(): # This avoids losing the exception if an exception is raised in # self.force_shutdown(), because the vm is not running or paused self.force_shutdown() raise return self def shutdown(self, force=False): '''Shutdown domain. :raises qubes.exc.QubesVMNotStartedError: \ when domain is already shut down. ''' if not self.is_running(): # TODO not self.is_halted() raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotStartedError(self) self.fire_event_pre('domain-pre-shutdown', force=force) # try to gracefully detach PCI devices before shutdown, to mitigate # timeouts on forcible detach at domain destroy; if that fails, too bad for pci in self.devices['pci']: try: self.libvirt_domain.detachDevice( lxml.etree.tostring(self.lvxml_pci_dev(pci))) except libvirt.libvirtError as e: self.log.warning( 'error while gracefully detaching PCI device ({!r}) during' ' shutdown of {!r}; error code: {!r}; continuing' ' anyway'.format(pci, self.name, e.get_error_code()), exc_info=1) self.libvirt_domain.shutdown() self.storage.stop() return self def kill(self): '''Forcefuly shutdown (destroy) domain. :raises qubes.exc.QubesVMNotStartedError: \ when domain is already shut down. ''' if not self.is_running() and not self.is_paused(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotStartedError(self) self.libvirt_domain.destroy() self.storage.stop() return self def force_shutdown(self, *args, **kwargs): '''Deprecated alias for :py:meth:`kill`''' warnings.warn( 'Call to deprecated function force_shutdown(), use kill() instead', DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2) self.kill(*args, **kwargs) return self def suspend(self): '''Suspend (pause) domain. :raises qubes.exc.QubesVMNotRunnignError: \ when domain is already shut down. :raises qubes.exc.QubesNotImplemetedError: \ when domain has PCI devices attached. ''' if not self.is_running() and not self.is_paused(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotRunningError(self) if len(self.devices['pci']) > 0: raise qubes.exc.QubesNotImplementedError( 'Cannot suspend domain {!r} which has PCI devices attached' \ .format(self.name)) else: if self.hvm: self.libvirt_domain.pause() else: self.libvirt_domain.suspend() return self def pause(self): '''Pause (suspend) domain. This currently delegates to \ :py:meth:`suspend`.''' if not self.is_running(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotRunningError(self) self.suspend() return self def resume(self): '''Resume suspended domain. :raises qubes.exc.QubesVMNotSuspendedError: when machine is not paused :raises qubes.exc.QubesVMError: when machine is suspended ''' if self.get_power_state() == "Suspended": raise qubes.exc.QubesVMError(self, 'Cannot resume suspended domain {!r}'.format(self.name)) else: self.unpause() return self def unpause(self): '''Resume (unpause) a domain''' if not self.is_paused(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotPausedError(self) self.libvirt_domain.resume() return self def run(self, command, user=None, autostart=False, notify_function=None, passio=False, passio_popen=False, passio_stderr=False, ignore_stderr=False, localcmd=None, wait=False, gui=True, filter_esc=False): '''Run specified command inside domain :param str command: the command to be run :param str user: user to run the command as :param bool autostart: if :py:obj:`True`, machine will be started if \ it is not running :param collections.Callable notify_function: FIXME, may go away :param bool passio: FIXME :param bool passio_popen: if :py:obj:`True`, \ :py:class:`subprocess.Popen` object has connected ``stdin`` and \ ``stdout`` :param bool passio_stderr: if :py:obj:`True`, \ :py:class:`subprocess.Popen` has additionaly ``stderr`` connected :param bool ignore_stderr: if :py:obj:`True`, ``stderr`` is connected \ to :file:`/dev/null` :param str localcmd: local command to communicate with remote command :param bool wait: if :py:obj:`True`, wait for command completion :param bool gui: when autostarting, also start gui daemon :param bool filter_esc: filter escape sequences to protect terminal \ emulator ''' if user is None: user = self.default_user null = None if not self.is_running() and not self.is_paused(): if not autostart: raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotRunningError(self) if notify_function is not None: notify_function('info', 'Starting the {!r} VM...'.format(self.name)) self.start(start_guid=gui, notify_function=notify_function) if self.is_paused(): # XXX what about autostart? raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotRunningError( self, 'Domain {!r} is paused'.format(self.name)) if not self.is_qrexec_running(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMError( self, 'Domain {!r}: qrexec not connected'.format(self.name)) self.fire_event_pre('domain-cmd-pre-run', start_guid=gui) args = [qubes.config.system_path['qrexec_client_path'], '-d', str(self.name), '{}:{}'.format(user, command)] if localcmd is not None: args += ['-l', localcmd] if filter_esc: args += ['-t'] if os.isatty(sys.stderr.fileno()): args += ['-T'] call_kwargs = {} if ignore_stderr or not passio: null = open("/dev/null", "r+") call_kwargs['stderr'] = null if not passio: call_kwargs['stdin'] = null call_kwargs['stdout'] = null if passio_popen: popen_kwargs = { 'stdout': subprocess.PIPE, 'stdin': subprocess.PIPE } if passio_stderr: popen_kwargs['stderr'] = subprocess.PIPE else: popen_kwargs['stderr'] = call_kwargs.get('stderr', None) p = subprocess.Popen(args, **popen_kwargs) if null: null.close() return p if not wait and not passio: args += ["-e"] retcode = subprocess.call(args, **call_kwargs) if null: null.close() return retcode def run_service(self, service, source=None, user=None, passio_popen=False, input=None, localcmd=None, gui=False, wait=True, passio_stderr=False): '''Run service on this VM **passio_popen** and **input** are mutually exclusive. :param str service: service name :param qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM: source domain as presented to this VM :param str user: username to run service as :param bool passio_popen: passed verbatim to :py:meth:`run` :param str input: string passed as input to service ''' # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin if len([i for i in (input, passio_popen, localcmd) if i]) > 1: raise TypeError( 'input, passio_popen and localcmd cannot be used together') if not wait and (localcmd or input): raise ValueError("Cannot use wait=False with input or " "localcmd specified") if passio_stderr and not passio_popen: raise TypeError('passio_stderr can be used only with passio_popen') if input: # Internally use passio_popen, but do not return POpen object to # the user - use internally for p.communicate() passio_popen = True source = 'dom0' if source is None else self.app.domains[source].name p = self.run('QUBESRPC {} {}'.format(service, source), localcmd=localcmd, passio_popen=passio_popen, user=user, wait=wait, gui=gui, passio_stderr=passio_stderr) if input: p.communicate(input) return p.returncode else: return p def request_memory(self, mem_required=None): # overhead of per-qube/per-vcpu Xen structures, # taken from OpenStack nova/virt/xenapi/driver.py # see https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/XenServer/Overhead # add an extra MB because Nova rounds up to MBs if not qmemman_present: return if mem_required is None: mem_required = int(self.memory) * 1024 * 1024 qmemman_client = qubes.qmemman.client.QMemmanClient() try: mem_required_with_overhead = mem_required + MEM_OVERHEAD_BASE \ + self.vcpus * MEM_OVERHEAD_PER_VCPU got_memory = qmemman_client.request_memory( mem_required_with_overhead) except IOError as e: raise IOError('Failed to connect to qmemman: {!s}'.format(e)) if not got_memory: qmemman_client.close() raise qubes.exc.QubesMemoryError(self) return qmemman_client def start_qrexec_daemon(self): '''Start qrexec daemon. :raises OSError: when starting fails. ''' self.log.debug('Starting the qrexec daemon') qrexec_args = [str(self.xid), self.name, self.default_user] if not self.debug: qrexec_args.insert(0, "-q") qrexec_env = os.environ.copy() if not self.features.check_with_template('qrexec', not self.hvm): self.log.debug( 'Starting the qrexec daemon in background, because of features') qrexec_env['QREXEC_STARTUP_NOWAIT'] = '1' else: qrexec_env['QREXEC_STARTUP_TIMEOUT'] = str(self.qrexec_timeout) try: subprocess.check_call( [qubes.config.system_path["qrexec_daemon_path"]] + qrexec_args, env=qrexec_env) except subprocess.CalledProcessError: raise qubes.exc.QubesVMError(self, 'Cannot execute qrexec-daemon!') def start_qubesdb(self): '''Start QubesDB daemon. :raises OSError: when starting fails. ''' self.log.info('Starting Qubes DB') # FIXME #1694 #1241 retcode = subprocess.call([ qubes.config.system_path["qubesdb_daemon_path"], str(self.xid), self.name]) if retcode != 0: raise qubes.exc.QubesException('Cannot execute qubesdb-daemon') def wait_for_session(self): '''Wait until machine finished boot sequence. This is done by executing qubes RPC call that checks if dummy system service (which is started late in standard runlevel) is active. ''' self.log.info('Waiting for qubes-session') # Note : User root is redefined to SYSTEM in the Windows agent code p = self.run('QUBESRPC qubes.WaitForSession none', user="root", passio_popen=True, gui=False, wait=True) p.communicate(input=self.default_user) # TODO rename to create def create_on_disk(self, source_template=None): '''Create files needed for VM. :param qubes.vm.templatevm.TemplateVM source_template: Template to use (if :py:obj:`None`, use domain's own template ''' if source_template is None and hasattr(self, 'template'): # pylint: disable=no-member source_template = self.template self.log.info('Creating directory: {0}'.format(self.dir_path)) os.makedirs(self.dir_path, mode=0o775) self.storage.create_on_disk(source_template) self.log.info('Creating icon symlink: {} -> {}'.format( self.icon_path, self.label.icon_path)) if hasattr(os, "symlink"): os.symlink(self.label.icon_path, self.icon_path) else: shutil.copy(self.label.icon_path, self.icon_path) # fire hooks self.fire_event('domain-create-on-disk', source_template) # TODO move to storage def resize_private_img(self, size): '''Resize private image.''' warnings.warn( "resize_private_img is deprecated, use volumes[name].resize()", DeprecationWarning) self.volumes['private'].resize(size) # and then the filesystem # FIXME move this to qubes.storage.xen.XenVMStorage retcode = 0 if self.is_running(): # pylint: disable=redefined-variable-type retcode = self.run(''' while [ "`blockdev --getsize64 /dev/xvdb`" -lt {0} ]; do head /dev/xvdb >/dev/null; sleep 0.2; done; resize2fs /dev/xvdb'''.format(size), user="root", wait=True) if retcode != 0: raise qubes.exc.QubesException('resize2fs failed') def resize_root_img(self, size, allow_start=False): warnings.warn( "resize_root_img is deprecated, use volumes[name].resize()", DeprecationWarning) self.volumes['root'].resize(size) if not allow_start: raise qubes.exc.QubesException( 'The qube has to be started to complete the operation, but is' ' required not to start. Either run the operation again' ' allowing starting of the qube this time, or run resize2fs' ' in the qube manually.') self.start(start_guid=False) # TODO run_service #1695 self.run('resize2fs /dev/mapper/dmroot', user='root', wait=True, gui=False) self.shutdown() while self.is_running(): #1696 time.sleep(1) def remove_from_disk(self): '''Remove domain remnants from disk.''' self.fire_event('domain-remove-from-disk') self.storage.remove() shutil.rmtree(self.dir_path) def clone_disk_files(self, src): '''Clone files from other vm. :param qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM src: source VM ''' if src.is_running(): # XXX what about paused? raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotHaltedError( self, 'Cannot clone a running domain {!r}'.format(self.name)) if hasattr(src, 'volume_config'): self.volume_config = src.volume_config self.storage = qubes.storage.Storage(self) self.storage.clone(src) if src.icon_path is not None \ and os.path.exists(src.dir_path) \ and self.icon_path is not None: if os.path.islink(src.icon_path): icon_path = os.readlink(src.icon_path) self.log.info( 'Creating icon symlink {} -> {}'.format( self.icon_path, icon_path)) os.symlink(icon_path, self.icon_path) else: self.log.info( 'Copying icon {} -> {}'.format( src.icon_path, self.icon_path)) shutil.copy(src.icon_path, self.icon_path) # fire hooks self.fire_event('domain-clone-files', src) # # methods for querying domain state # # state of the machine def get_power_state(self): '''Return power state description string. Return value may be one of those: =============== ======================================================== return value meaning =============== ======================================================== ``'Halted'`` Machine is not active. ``'Transient'`` Machine is running, but does not have :program:`guid` or :program:`qrexec` available. ``'Running'`` Machine is ready and running. ``'Paused'`` Machine is paused (currently not available, see below). ``'Suspended'`` Machine is S3-suspended. ``'Halting'`` Machine is in process of shutting down. ``'Dying'`` Machine crashed and is unusable. ``'Crashed'`` Machine crashed and is unusable, probably because of bug in dom0. ``'NA'`` Machine is in unknown state (most likely libvirt domain is undefined). =============== ======================================================== ``Paused`` state is currently unavailable because of missing code in libvirt/xen glue. FIXME: graph below may be incomplete and wrong. Click on method name to see its documentation. .. graphviz:: digraph { node [fontname="sans-serif"]; edge [fontname="mono"]; Halted; NA; Dying; Crashed; Transient; Halting; Running; Paused [color=gray75 fontcolor=gray75]; Suspended; NA -> Halted; Halted -> NA [constraint=false]; Halted -> Transient [xlabel="start()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.start"]; Transient -> Running; Running -> Halting [xlabel="shutdown()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.shutdown" constraint=false]; Halting -> Dying -> Halted [constraint=false]; /* cosmetic, invisible edges to put rank constraint */ Dying -> Halting [style="invis"]; Halting -> Transient [style="invis"]; Running -> Halted [label="force_shutdown()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.force_shutdown" constraint=false]; Running -> Crashed [constraint=false]; Crashed -> Halted [constraint=false]; Running -> Paused [label="pause()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.pause" color=gray75 fontcolor=gray75]; Running -> Suspended [label="pause()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.pause" color=gray50 fontcolor=gray50]; Paused -> Running [label="unpause()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.unpause" color=gray75 fontcolor=gray75]; Suspended -> Running [label="unpause()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.unpause" color=gray50 fontcolor=gray50]; Running -> Suspended [label="suspend()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.suspend"]; Suspended -> Running [label="resume()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.resume"]; { rank=source; Halted NA }; { rank=same; Transient Halting }; { rank=same; Crashed Dying }; { rank=sink; Paused Suspended }; } .. seealso:: http://wiki.libvirt.org/page/VM_lifecycle Description of VM life cycle from the point of view of libvirt. https://libvirt.org/html/libvirt-libvirt-domain.html#virDomainState Libvirt's enum describing precise state of a domain. ''' # pylint: disable=too-many-return-statements libvirt_domain = self.libvirt_domain if libvirt_domain is None: return 'Halted' try: if libvirt_domain.isActive(): # pylint: disable=line-too-long if libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_PAUSED: return "Paused" elif libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_CRASHED: return "Crashed" elif libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTDOWN: return "Halting" elif libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTOFF: return "Dying" elif libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_PMSUSPENDED: return "Suspended" else: if not self.is_fully_usable(): return "Transient" else: return "Running" else: return 'Halted' except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() == libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN: return 'Halted' else: raise assert False def is_running(self): '''Check whether this domain is running. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if this domain is started, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' if self.app.vmm.offline_mode: return False # TODO context manager #1693 return self.libvirt_domain and self.libvirt_domain.isActive() def is_paused(self): '''Check whether this domain is paused. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if this domain is paused, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' return self.libvirt_domain \ and self.libvirt_domain.state() == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_PAUSED def is_qrexec_running(self): '''Check whether qrexec for this domain is available. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if qrexec is running, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' if self.xid < 0: return False return os.path.exists('/var/run/qubes/qrexec.%s' % self.name) def is_fully_usable(self): return all(self.fire_event('domain-is-fully-usable')) @qubes.events.handler('domain-is-fully-usable') def on_domain_is_fully_usable(self, event): '''Check whether domain is running and sane. Currently this checks for running qrexec. ''' # pylint: disable=unused-argument # Running gui-daemon implies also VM running if not self.is_qrexec_running(): yield False # memory and disk def get_mem(self): '''Get current memory usage from VM. :returns: Memory usage [FIXME unit]. :rtype: FIXME ''' if self.libvirt_domain is None: return 0 try: if not self.libvirt_domain.isActive(): return 0 return self.libvirt_domain.info()[1] except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() in ( # qube no longer exists libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN, # libxl_domain_info failed (race condition from isActive) libvirt.VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, ): return 0 else: self.log.exception( 'libvirt error code: {!r}'.format(e.get_error_code())) raise def get_mem_static_max(self): '''Get maximum memory available to VM. :returns: Memory limit [FIXME unit]. :rtype: FIXME ''' if self.libvirt_domain is None: return 0 try: return self.libvirt_domain.maxMemory() except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() in ( # qube no longer exists libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN, # libxl_domain_info failed (race condition from isActive) libvirt.VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, ): return 0 else: self.log.exception( 'libvirt error code: {!r}'.format(e.get_error_code())) raise def get_cputime(self): '''Get total CPU time burned by this domain since start. :returns: CPU time usage [FIXME unit]. :rtype: FIXME ''' if self.libvirt_domain is None: return 0 if self.libvirt_domain is None: return 0 if not self.libvirt_domain.isActive(): return 0 try: if not self.libvirt_domain.isActive(): return 0 # this does not work, because libvirt # return self.libvirt_domain.getCPUStats( # libvirt.VIR_NODE_CPU_STATS_ALL_CPUS, 0)[0]['cpu_time']/10**9 return self.libvirt_domain.info()[4] except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() in ( # qube no longer exists libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN, # libxl_domain_info failed (race condition from isActive) libvirt.VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, ): return 0 else: self.log.exception( 'libvirt error code: {!r}'.format(e.get_error_code())) raise # XXX shouldn't this go only to vms that have root image? def get_disk_utilization_root_img(self): '''Get space that is actually ocuppied by :py:attr:`volumes['root']`. This is a temporary wrapper for backwards compatibility. You should call directly :py:attr:`volumes[name].utilization` :returns: domain's real disk image size [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME .. seealso:: :py:meth:`get_root_img_sz` ''' warnings.warn("get_disk_utilization_root_img is deprecated," " use volumes['root'].utilization", DeprecationWarning) return qubes.storage.file.get_disk_usage( self.volumes['root'].utilization) # XXX shouldn't this go only to vms that have root image? def get_root_img_sz(self): '''Get the size of the :py:attr:`volumes['root']`. This is a temporary wrapper for backwards compatibility. You should call directly :py:attr:`volumes[name].size` :returns: domain's virtual disk size [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME .. seealso:: :py:meth:`get_disk_utilization_root_img` ''' warnings.warn( "get_disk_root_img_sz is deprecated, use volumes['root'].size", DeprecationWarning) return qubes.storage.file.get_disk_usage(self.volumes['root'].size) def get_disk_utilization_private_img(self): '''Get space that is actually ocuppied by :py:attr:`volumes['private']`. This is a temporary wrapper for backwards compatibility. You should call directly :py:attr:`volumes[name].utilization` :returns: domain's real disk image size [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME ''' # pylint: disable=invalid-name warnings.warn("get_disk_utilization_private_img is deprecated," " use volumes['private'].utilization", DeprecationWarning) return qubes.storage.file.get_disk_usage(self.volumes[ 'private'].utilization) def get_private_img_sz(self): '''Get the size of the :py:attr:`volumes['private']`. This is a temporary wrapper for backwards compatibility. You should call directly :py:attr:`volumes[name].size` :returns: domain's virtual disk size [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME .. seealso:: :py:meth:`get_disk_utilization_private_img` ''' warnings.warn("get_disk_private_img_sz is deprecated," " use volumes['private'].size", DeprecationWarning) return qubes.storage.file.get_disk_usage(self.volumes['private'].size) def get_disk_utilization(self): '''Return total space actually occuppied by all files belonging to \ this domain. :returns: domain's total disk usage [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME ''' return qubes.storage.file.get_disk_usage(self.dir_path) # TODO move to storage def verify_files(self): '''Verify that files accessed by this machine are sane. On success, returns normally. On failure, raises exception. ''' self.storage.verify_files() self.fire_event('domain-verify-files') return True # miscellanous def get_start_time(self): '''Tell when machine was started. :rtype: datetime.datetime ''' if not self.is_running(): return None # TODO shouldn't this be qubesdb? start_time = self.app.vmm.xs.read('', '/vm/{}/start_time'.format(self.uuid)) if start_time != '': return datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(float(start_time)) else: return None # XXX this probably should go to AppVM def is_outdated(self): '''Check whether domain needs restart to update root image from \ template. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if is outdated, :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' # pylint: disable=no-member # Makes sense only on VM based on template if self.template is None: return False if not self.is_running(): return False if not hasattr(self.template, 'rootcow_img'): return False rootimg_inode = os.stat(self.template.root_img) try: rootcow_inode = os.stat(self.template.rootcow_img) except OSError: # The only case when rootcow_img doesn't exists is in the middle of # commit_changes, so VM is outdated right now return True current_dmdev = "/dev/mapper/snapshot-{0:x}:{1}-{2:x}:{3}".format( rootimg_inode[2], rootimg_inode[1], rootcow_inode[2], rootcow_inode[1]) # FIXME # 51712 (0xCA00) is xvda # backend node name not available through xenapi :( used_dmdev = self.app.vmm.xs.read('', '/local/domain/0/backend/vbd/{}/51712/node'.format(self.xid)) return used_dmdev != current_dmdev # # helper methods # def relative_path(self, path): '''Return path relative to py:attr:`dir_path`. :param str path: Path in question. :returns: Relative path. ''' return os.path.relpath(path, self.dir_path) def create_qdb_entries(self): '''Create entries in Qubes DB. ''' # pylint: disable=no-member self.qdb.write('/name', self.name) self.qdb.write('/type', self.__class__.__name__) self.qdb.write('/updateable', str(self.updateable)) self.qdb.write('/persistence', 'full' if self.updateable else 'rw-only') self.qdb.write('/debug', str(int(self.debug))) try: self.qdb.write('/template', self.template.name) except AttributeError: self.qdb.write('/template', '') self.qdb.write('/random-seed', base64.b64encode(qubes.utils.urandom(64))) if self.provides_network: self.qdb.write('/network-provider/gateway', self.gateway) self.qdb.write('/network-provider/netmask', self.netmask) for i, addr in zip(itertools.count(start=1), self.dns): self.qdb.write('/network-provider/dns-{}'.format(i), addr) if self.netvm is not None: self.qdb.write('/network/ip', self.ip) self.qdb.write('/network/netmask', self.netvm.netmask) self.qdb.write('/network/gateway', self.netvm.gateway) for i, addr in zip(itertools.count(start=1), self.dns): self.qdb.write('/network/dns-{}'.format(i), addr) tzname = qubes.utils.get_timezone() if tzname: self.qdb.write('/timezone', tzname) for feature, value in self.features.items(): self.qdb.write('/features/{0}'.format(feature), str(value) if value else '') self.qdb.write('/devices/block', '') self.qdb.write('/devices/usb', '') # TODO: Currently the whole qmemman is quite Xen-specific, so stay with # xenstore for it until decided otherwise if qmemman_present: self.app.vmm.xs.set_permissions('', '/local/domain/{}/memory'.format(self.xid), [{'dom': self.xid}]) self.fire_event('domain-qdb-create') def _update_libvirt_domain(self): '''Re-initialise :py:attr:`libvirt_domain`.''' domain_config = self.create_config_file() try: self._libvirt_domain = self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.defineXML( domain_config) except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() == libvirt.VIR_ERR_OS_TYPE \ and e.get_str2() == 'hvm': raise qubes.exc.QubesVMError(self, 'HVM qubes are not supported on this machine. ' 'Check BIOS settings for VT-x/AMD-V extensions.') else: raise # # workshop -- those are to be reworked later # def get_prefmem(self): # TODO: qmemman is still xen specific untrusted_meminfo_key = self.app.vmm.xs.read('', '/local/domain/{}/memory/meminfo'.format(self.xid)) if untrusted_meminfo_key is None or untrusted_meminfo_key == '': return 0 domain = qubes.qmemman.DomainState(self.xid) qubes.qmemman.algo.refresh_meminfo_for_domain( domain, untrusted_meminfo_key) domain.memory_maximum = self.get_mem_static_max() * 1024 return qubes.qmemman.algo.prefmem(domain) / 1024 # # landfill -- those are unneeded # # attrs = { # XXX probably will be obsoleted by .events_enabled # "_do_not_reset_firewall": { "func": lambda x: False }, # "_start_guid_first": { "func": lambda x: False }, # } # this function appears unused # def _cleanup_zombie_domains(self): # """ # This function is workaround broken libxl (which leaves not fully # created domain on failure) and vchan on domain crash behaviour # @return: None # """ # xc = self.get_xc_dominfo() # if xc and xc['dying'] == 1: # # GUID still running? # guid_pidfile = '/var/run/qubes/guid-running.%d' % xc['domid'] # if os.path.exists(guid_pidfile): # guid_pid = open(guid_pidfile).read().strip() # os.kill(int(guid_pid), 15) # # qrexec still running? # if self.is_qrexec_running(): # #TODO: kill qrexec daemon # pass