#!/usr/bin/python2 -O # vim: fileencoding=utf-8 # # The Qubes OS Project, https://www.qubes-os.org/ # # Copyright (C) 2010-2015 Joanna Rutkowska # Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Marek Marczykowski-Górecki # # Copyright (C) 2014-2015 Wojtek Porczyk # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along # with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., # 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. # from __future__ import absolute_import import datetime import lxml.etree import os import os.path import re import shutil import subprocess import sys import time import uuid import warnings import libvirt import qubes import qubes.config #import qubes.qmemman #import qubes.qmemman_algo import qubes.storage import qubes.utils import qubes.vm import qubes.tools.qvm_ls qmemman_present = False try: # pylint: disable=import-error import qubes.qmemman_client qmemman_present = True except ImportError: pass def _setter_qid(self, prop, value): # pylint: disable=unused-argument value = int(value) if not 0 <= value <= qubes.config.max_qid: raise ValueError( '{} value must be between 0 and qubes.config.max_qid'.format( prop.__name__)) return value def _setter_name(self, prop, value): if not isinstance(value, basestring): raise TypeError('{} value must be string, {!r} found'.format( prop.__name__, type(value).__name__)) if len(value) > 31: raise ValueError('{} value must be shorter than 32 characters'.format( prop.__name__)) if re.match(r"^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*$", value) is None: raise ValueError('{} value contains illegal characters'.format( prop.__name__)) if self.is_running(): raise qubes.QubesException('Cannot change name of running VM') try: if self.installed_by_rpm: raise qubes.QubesException('Cannot rename VM installed by RPM -- ' 'first clone VM and then use yum to remove package.') except AttributeError: pass return value def _setter_kernel(self, prop, value): # pylint: disable=unused-argument dirname = os.path.join( qubes.config.system_path['qubes_base_dir'], qubes.config.system_path['qubes_kernels_base_dir'], value) if not os.path.exists(dirname): raise qubes.QubesException('Kernel {!r} not installed'.format(value)) for filename in ('vmlinuz', 'modules.img'): if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(dirname, filename)): raise qubes.QubesException( 'Kernel {!r} not properly installed: missing {!r} file'.format( value, filename)) return value def _setter_label(self, prop, value): if isinstance(value, qubes.Label): return value if value.startswith('label-'): return self.app.labels[int(value.split('-', 1)[1])] return self.app.get_label(value) def _default_conf_file(self, name=None): return (name or self.name) + '.conf' class QubesVM(qubes.vm.BaseVM): '''Base functionality of Qubes VM shared between all VMs.''' # # per-class properties # #: directory in which domains of this class will reside dir_path_prefix = qubes.config.system_path['qubes_appvms_dir'] # # properties loaded from XML # label = qubes.property('label', setter=_setter_label, saver=(lambda self, prop, value: 'label-{}'.format(value.index)), ls_width=14, doc='''Colourful label assigned to VM. This is where the colour of the padlock is set.''') # XXX swallowed uses_default_netvm netvm = qubes.VMProperty('netvm', load_stage=4, allow_none=True, default=(lambda self: self.app.default_fw_netvm if self.provides_network else self.app.default_netvm), ls_width=31, doc='''VM that provides network connection to this domain. When `None`, machine is disconnected. When absent, domain uses default NetVM.''') # provides_network = qubes.property('provides_network', # type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, # doc='`True` if it is NetVM or ProxyVM, false otherwise.') qid = qubes.property('qid', type=int, write_once=True, setter=_setter_qid, ls_width=3, doc='''Internal, persistent identificator of particular domain. Note this is different from Xen domid.''') name = qubes.property('name', type=str, ls_width=31, doc='User-specified name of the domain.') uuid = qubes.property('uuid', type=uuid.UUID, write_once=True, ls_width=36, doc='UUID from libvirt.') conf_file = qubes.property('conf_file', type=str, default=_default_conf_file, saver=(lambda self, prop, value: self.relative_path(value)), doc='XXX libvirt config file?') # XXX this should be part of qubes.xml firewall_conf = qubes.property('firewall_conf', type=str, default='firewall.xml') installed_by_rpm = qubes.property('installed_by_rpm', type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, default=False, doc='''If this domain's image was installed from package tracked by package manager.''') memory = qubes.property('memory', type=int, default=qubes.config.defaults['memory'], doc='Memory currently available for this VM.') maxmem = qubes.property('maxmem', type=int, default=None, doc='''Maximum amount of memory available for this VM (for the purpose of the memory balancer).''') internal = qubes.property('internal', default=False, type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='''Internal VM (not shown in qubes-manager, don't create appmenus entries.''') # FIXME self.app.host could not exist - only self.app.vm required by API vcpus = qubes.property('vcpus', default=(lambda self: self.app.host.no_cpus), ls_width=2, doc='FIXME') # XXX swallowed uses_default_kernel # XXX not applicable to HVM? kernel = qubes.property('kernel', type=str, setter=_setter_kernel, default=(lambda self: self.app.default_kernel), ls_width=12, doc='Kernel used by this domain.') # XXX swallowed uses_default_kernelopts # XXX not applicable to HVM? kernelopts = qubes.property('kernelopts', type=str, load_stage=4, default=(lambda self: qubes.config.defaults['kernelopts_pcidevs'] \ if len(self.devices['pci']) > 0 \ else qubes.config.defaults['kernelopts']), ls_width=30, doc='Kernel command line passed to domain.') mac = qubes.property('mac', type=str, default=(lambda self: '00:16:3E:5E:6C:{:02X}'.format(self.qid)), ls_width=17, doc='MAC address of the NIC emulated inside VM') debug = qubes.property('debug', type=bool, default=False, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='Turns on debugging features.') # XXX what this exactly does? # XXX shouldn't this go to standalone VM and TemplateVM, and leave here # only plain property? default_user = qubes.property('default_user', type=str, default=(lambda self: self.template.default_user if hasattr(self, 'template') else 'user'), ls_width=12, doc='FIXME') # @property # def default_user(self): # if self.template is not None: # return self.template.default_user # else: # return self._default_user qrexec_timeout = qubes.property('qrexec_timeout', type=int, default=60, ls_width=3, doc='''Time in seconds after which qrexec connection attempt is deemed failed. Operating system inside VM should be able to boot in this time.''') autostart = qubes.property('autostart', default=False, type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='''Setting this to `True` means that VM should be autostarted on dom0 boot.''') # XXX I don't understand backups include_in_backups = qubes.property('include_in_backups', default=True, type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='If this domain is to be included in default backup.') backup_content = qubes.property('backup_content', default=False, type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='FIXME') backup_size = qubes.property('backup_size', type=int, default=0, doc='FIXME') backup_path = qubes.property('backup_path', type=str, default='', doc='FIXME') # format got changed from %s to str(datetime.datetime) backup_timestamp = qubes.property('backup_timestamp', default=None, setter=(lambda self, prop, value: datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(value)), saver=(lambda self, prop, value: value.strftime('%s')), doc='FIXME') # # static, class-wide properties # # config file should go away to storage/backend class #: template for libvirt config file (XML) config_file_template = qubes.config.system_path["config_template_pv"] # # properties not loaded from XML, calculated at run-time # # VMM-related @qubes.tools.qvm_ls.column(width=3) @property def xid(self): '''Xen ID. Or not Xen, but ID. ''' if self.libvirt_domain is None: return -1 return self.libvirt_domain.ID() @property def libvirt_domain(self): '''Libvirt domain object from libvirt. May be :py:obj:`None`, if libvirt knows nothing about this domain. ''' if self._libvirt_domain is not None: return self._libvirt_domain # XXX _update_libvirt_domain? try: if hasattr(self, 'uuid'): self._libvirt_domain = self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.lookupByUUID( self.uuid.bytes) else: self._libvirt_domain = self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.lookupByName( self.name) self.uuid = uuid.UUID(bytes=self._libvirt_domain.UUID()) except libvirt.libvirtError: if self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.virConnGetLastError()[0] == \ libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN: self._update_libvirt_domain() else: raise return self._libvirt_domain @property def qdb(self): '''QubesDB handle for this domain.''' if self._qdb_connection is None: if self.is_running(): import qubes.qdb self._qdb_connection = qubes.qdb.QubesDB(self.name) return self._qdb_connection def _get_dir_path(self, name=None): return os.path.join( qubes.config.system_path['qubes_base_dir'], self.dir_path_prefix, name if name is not None else self.name) dir_path = property(_get_dir_path, doc='Root directory for files related to this domain') # XXX this should go to to AppVM? @property def private_img(self): '''Location of private image of the VM (that contains :file:`/rw` \ and :file:`/home`).''' return self.storage.private_img # XXX this should go to to AppVM? or TemplateVM? @property def root_img(self): '''Location of root image.''' return self.storage.root_img # XXX and this should go to exactly where? DispVM has it. @property def volatile_img(self): '''Volatile image that overlays :py:attr:`root_img`.''' return self.storage.volatile_img @property def kernels_dir(self): '''Directory where kernel resides. If :py:attr:`self.kernel` is :py:obj:`None`, the this points inside :py:attr:`self.dir_path` ''' return os.path.join(qubes.config.system_path['qubes_base_dir'], qubes.config.system_path['qubes_kernels_base_dir'], self.kernel) \ if self.kernel is not None \ else os.path.join(self.dir_path, qubes.config.vm_files['kernels_subdir']) # XXX shouldn't this go elsewhere? @property def updateable(self): '''True if this machine may be updated on its own.''' return not hasattr(self, 'template') @property def uses_custom_config(self): '''True if this machine has config in non-standard place.''' return not self.property_is_default('conf_file') # return self.conf_file != self.storage.abspath(self.name + '.conf') @property def icon_path(self): return os.path.join(self.dir_path, "icon.png") # XXX I don't know what to do with these; probably should be isinstance(...) def is_template(self): warnings.warn('vm.is_template() is deprecated, use isinstance()', DeprecationWarning) return isinstance(self, qubes.vm.templatevm.TemplateVM) def is_appvm(self): warnings.warn('vm.is_appvm() is deprecated, use isinstance()', DeprecationWarning) return isinstance(self, qubes.vm.appvm.AppVM) def is_proxyvm(self): warnings.warn('vm.is_proxyvm() is deprecated, use isinstance()', DeprecationWarning) return isinstance(self, qubes.vm.proxyvm.ProxyVM) def is_disposablevm(self): warnings.warn('vm.is_disposable() is deprecated, use isinstance()', DeprecationWarning) return isinstance(self, qubes.vm.dispvm.DispVM) # network-related @qubes.tools.qvm_ls.column(width=15) @property def ip(self): '''IP address of this domain.''' if self.netvm is not None: return self.netvm.get_ip_for_vm(self) else: return None @qubes.tools.qvm_ls.column(width=15) @property def netmask(self): '''Netmask for this domain's IP address.''' if self.netvm is not None: return self.netvm.netmask else: return None @qubes.tools.qvm_ls.column(head='IPBACK', width=15) @property def gateway(self): '''Gateway for other domains that use this domain as netvm.''' # pylint: disable=no-self-use # This is gateway IP for _other_ VMs, so make sense only in NetVMs return None @qubes.tools.qvm_ls.column(width=15) @property def secondary_dns(self): '''Secondary DNS server set up for this domain.''' if self.netvm is not None: return self.netvm.secondary_dns else: return None @qubes.tools.qvm_ls.column(width=7) @property def vif(self): '''Name of the network interface backend in netvm that is connected to NIC inside this domain.''' if self.xid < 0: return None if self.netvm is None: return None return "vif{0}.+".format(self.xid) @property def provides_network(self): ''':py:obj:`True` if it is :py:class:`qubes.vm.netvm.NetVM` or :py:class:`qubes.vm.proxyvm.ProxyVM`, :py:obj:`False` otherwise''' return isinstance(self, (qubes.vm.netvm.NetVM, qubes.vm.proxyvm.ProxyVM)) # # constructor # def __init__(self, app, xml, **kwargs): super(QubesVM, self).__init__(app, xml, **kwargs) import qubes.vm.adminvm #Init private attrs self._libvirt_domain = None self._qdb_connection = None if xml is None: # we are creating new VM and attributes came through kwargs assert self.qid < qubes.config.max_qid, "VM id out of bounds!" assert self.name is not None # Not in generic way to not create QubesHost() to frequently # XXX this doesn't apply, host is instantiated once if self.maxmem is None and not self.app.vmm.offline_mode: total_mem_mb = self.app.host.memory_total/1024 self.maxmem = total_mem_mb/2 # Linux specific cap: max memory can't scale beyond 10.79*init_mem # see https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/qubes-devel/VRqkFj1IOtA if self.maxmem > self.memory * 10: self.maxmem = self.memory * 10 # By default allow use all VCPUs # if not hasattr(self, 'vcpus') and not self.app.vmm.offline_mode: # self.vcpus = self.app.host.no_cpus if len(self.devices['pci']) > 0: # Force meminfo-writer disabled when VM have PCI devices self.services['meminfo-writer'] = False elif not isinstance(self, qubes.vm.adminvm.AdminVM) \ and 'meminfo-writer' not in self.services: # Always set if meminfo-writer should be active or not self.services['meminfo-writer'] = True # Initialize VM image storage class self.storage = qubes.storage.get_storage(self) # XXX should be moved to defaults in storage class # if self.kernels_dir is not None: # it is None for AdminVM # self.storage.modules_img = os.path.join(self.kernels_dir, # 'modules.img') # self.storage.modules_img_rw = self.kernel is None # fire hooks self.fire_event('domain-init') # # event handlers # @qubes.events.handler('property-set:label') def on_property_set_label(self, event, name, new_label, old_label=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if self.icon_path: try: os.remove(self.icon_path) except: pass if hasattr(os, "symlink"): os.symlink(new_label.icon_path, self.icon_path) # FIXME: some os-independent wrapper? subprocess.call(['sudo', 'xdg-icon-resource', 'forceupdate']) else: shutil.copy(new_label.icon_path, self.icon_path) @qubes.events.handler('property-del:netvm') def on_property_del_netvm(self, event, name, old_netvm): # pylint: disable=unused-argument # we are changing to default netvm new_netvm = self.netvm if new_netvm == old_netvm: return self.fire_event('property-set:netvm', 'netvm', new_netvm, old_netvm) @qubes.events.handler('property-set:netvm') def on_property_set_netvm(self, event, name, new_netvm, old_netvm=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if self.is_running() and new_netvm is not None \ and not new_netvm.is_running(): raise qubes.QubesException( 'Cannot dynamically attach to stopped NetVM') if self.netvm is not None: del self.netvm.connected_vms[self] if self.is_running(): self.detach_network() # TODO change to domain-removed event handler in netvm # if hasattr(self.netvm, 'post_vm_net_detach'): # self.netvm.post_vm_net_detach(self) if new_netvm is None: # if not self._do_not_reset_firewall: # Set also firewall to block all traffic as discussed in #370 if os.path.exists(self.firewall_conf): shutil.copy(self.firewall_conf, os.path.join(qubes.config.system_path['qubes_base_dir'], 'backup', '%s-firewall-%s.xml' % (self.name, time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S')))) self.write_firewall_conf({'allow': False, 'allowDns': False, 'allowIcmp': False, 'allowYumProxy': False, 'rules': []}) else: new_netvm.connected_vms.add(self) if new_netvm is None: return if self.is_running(): # refresh IP, DNS etc self.create_qdb_entries() self.attach_network() # TODO domain-added event handler in netvm # if hasattr(self.netvm, 'post_vm_net_attach'): # self.netvm.post_vm_net_attach(self) @qubes.events.handler('property-pre-set:name') def on_property_pre_set_name(self, event, name, newvalue, oldvalue=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument # TODO not self.is_stopped() would be more appropriate if self.is_running(): raise qubes.QubesException('Cannot change name of running domain') @qubes.events.handler('property-set:name') def on_property_set_name(self, event, name, new_name, old_name=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument self.init_log() if self._libvirt_domain is not None: self.libvirt_domain.undefine() self._libvirt_domain = None if self._qdb_connection is not None: self._qdb_connection.close() self._qdb_connection = None self.storage.rename( self._get_dir_path(new_name), self._get_dir_path(old_name)) if self.property_is_default('conf_file'): new_conf = os.path.join( self.dir_path, _default_conf_file(self, old_name)) old_conf = os.path.join( self.dir_path, _default_conf_file(self, old_name)) self.storage.rename(old_conf, new_conf) self.fire_event('property-set:conf_file', 'conf_file', new_conf, old_conf) self._update_libvirt_domain() @qubes.events.handler('property-pre-set:autostart') def on_property_pre_set_autostart(self, event, prop, name, value, oldvalue=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if subprocess.call(['sudo', 'systemctl', ('enable' if value else 'disable'), 'qubes-vm@{}.service'.format(self.name)]): raise qubes.QubesException( 'Failed to set autostart for VM via systemctl') @qubes.events.handler('device-pre-attached:pci') def on_device_pre_attached_pci(self, event, pci): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if not os.path.exists('/sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:{}'.format(pci)): raise qubes.QubesException('Invalid PCI device: {}'.format(pci)) if not self.is_running(): return try: # TODO: libvirt-ise subprocess.check_call( ['sudo', qubes.config.system_path['qubes_pciback_cmd'], pci]) subprocess.check_call( ['sudo', 'xl', 'pci-attach', str(self.xid), pci]) except Exception as e: print >>sys.stderr, "Failed to attach PCI device on the fly " \ "(%s), changes will be seen after VM restart" % str(e) @qubes.events.handler('device-pre-detached:pci') def on_device_pre_detached_pci(self, event, pci): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if not self.is_running(): return # TODO: libvirt-ise p = subprocess.Popen(['xl', 'pci-list', str(self.xid)], stdout=subprocess.PIPE) result = p.communicate() m = re.search(r"^(\d+.\d+)\s+0000:%s$" % pci, result[0], flags=re.MULTILINE) if not m: print >>sys.stderr, "Device %s already detached" % pci return vmdev = m.group(1) try: self.run_service("qubes.DetachPciDevice", user="root", input="00:%s" % vmdev) subprocess.check_call( ['sudo', 'xl', 'pci-detach', str(self.xid), pci]) except Exception as e: print >>sys.stderr, "Failed to detach PCI device on the fly " \ "(%s), changes will be seen after VM restart" % str(e) # # methods for changing domain state # def start(self, preparing_dvm=False, start_guid=True, notify_function=None, mem_required=None): '''Start domain :param bool preparing_dvm: FIXME :param bool start_guid: FIXME :param collections.Callable notify_function: FIXME :param int mem_required: FIXME ''' # Intentionally not used is_running(): eliminate also "Paused", # "Crashed", "Halting" if self.get_power_state() != 'Halted': raise qubes.QubesException('VM is already running!') self.log.info('Starting {}'.format(self.name)) self.verify_files() if self.netvm is not None: if self.netvm.qid != 0: if not self.netvm.is_running(): self.netvm.start(start_guid=start_guid, notify_function=notify_function) self.storage.prepare_for_vm_startup() self._update_libvirt_domain() if mem_required is None: mem_required = int(self.memory) * 1024 * 1024 if qmemman_present: qmemman_client = qubes.qmemman_client.QMemmanClient() try: got_memory = qmemman_client.request_memory(mem_required) except IOError as e: raise IOError('Failed to connect to qmemman: {!s}'.format(e)) if not got_memory: qmemman_client.close() raise MemoryError( 'Insufficient memory to start VM {!r}'.format(self.name)) # Bind pci devices to pciback driver for pci in self.devices['pci']: node = self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.nodeDeviceLookupByName( 'pci_0000_' + pci.replace(':', '_').replace('.', '_')) try: node.dettach() except libvirt.libvirtError: if self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.virConnGetLastError()[0] == \ libvirt.VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR: # already detached pass else: raise self.libvirt_domain.createWithFlags(libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_START_PAUSED) if preparing_dvm: self.services['qubes-dvm'] = True self.log.info('Setting Qubes DB info for the VM') self.start_qubesdb() self.create_qdb_entries() self.log.info('Updating firewall rules') for vm in self.app.domains: if vm.is_proxyvm() and vm.is_running(): vm.write_iptables_xenstore_entry() self.fire_event('domain-started', preparing_dvm=preparing_dvm, start_guid=start_guid) self.log.warning('Activating the {} VM'.format(self.name)) self.libvirt_domain.resume() # close() is not really needed, because the descriptor is close-on-exec # anyway, the reason to postpone close() is that possibly xl is not done # constructing the domain after its main process exits # so we close() when we know the domain is up # the successful unpause is some indicator of it if qmemman_present: qmemman_client.close() # if self._start_guid_first and start_guid and not preparing_dvm \ # and os.path.exists('/var/run/shm.id'): # self.start_guid() if not preparing_dvm: self.start_qrexec_daemon() if start_guid and not preparing_dvm \ and os.path.exists('/var/run/shm.id'): self.start_guid() def shutdown(self): '''Shutdown domain. :raises QubesException: when domain is already shut down. ''' if not self.is_running(): raise qubes.QubesException("VM already stopped!") self.libvirt_domain.shutdown() def force_shutdown(self): '''Forcefuly shutdown (destroy) domain. :raises QubesException: when domain is already shut down. ''' if not self.is_running() and not self.is_paused(): raise qubes.QubesException('VM already stopped!') self.libvirt_domain.destroy() def suspend(self): '''Suspend (pause) domain. :raises qubes.QubesException: when domain is already shut down. :raises NotImplemetedError: when domain has PCI devices attached. ''' if not self.is_running() and not self.is_paused(): raise qubes.QubesException('VM already stopped!') if len(self.devices['pci']) > 0: raise NotImplementedError() else: self.libvirt_domain.suspend() def pause(self): '''Pause (suspend) domain. This currently delegates to \ :py:meth:`suspend`.''' if not self.is_running(): raise qubes.QubesException('VM not running!') self.suspend() def resume(self): '''Resume suspended domain. :raises NotImplemetedError: when machine is alread suspended. ''' if self.get_power_state() == "Suspended": raise NotImplementedError() else: self.unpause() def unpause(self): '''Resume (unpause) a domain''' if not self.is_paused(): raise qubes.QubesException('VM not paused!') self.libvirt_domain.resume() def run(self, command, user=None, autostart=False, notify_function=None, passio=False, passio_popen=False, passio_stderr=False, ignore_stderr=False, localcmd=None, wait=False, gui=True, filter_esc=False): '''Run specified command inside domain :param str command: the command to be run :param str user: user to run the command as :param bool autostart: if :py:obj:`True`, machine will be started if \ it is not running :param collections.Callable notify_function: FIXME, may go away :param bool passio: FIXME :param bool passio_popen: if :py:obj:`True`, \ :py:class:`subprocess.Popen` object has connected ``stdin`` and \ ``stdout`` :param bool passio_stderr: if :py:obj:`True`, \ :py:class:`subprocess.Popen` has additionaly ``stderr`` connected :param bool ignore_stderr: if :py:obj:`True`, ``stderr`` is connected \ to :file:`/dev/null` :param str localcmd: local command to communicate with remote command :param bool wait: if :py:obj:`True`, wait for command completion :param bool gui: when autostarting, also start gui daemon :param bool filter_esc: filter escape sequences to protect terminal \ emulator ''' if user is None: user = self.default_user null = None if not self.is_running() and not self.is_paused(): if not autostart: raise qubes.QubesException('VM not running') try: if notify_function is not None: notify_function('info', 'Starting the {!r} VM...'.format(self.name)) self.start(start_guid=gui, notify_function=notify_function) except (IOError, OSError, qubes.QubesException) as e: raise qubes.QubesException( 'Error while starting the {!r} VM: {!s}'.format( self.name, e)) except MemoryError: raise qubes.QubesException('Not enough memory to start {!r} VM!' ' Close one or more running VMs and try again.'.format( self.name)) if self.is_paused(): raise qubes.QubesException('VM is paused') if not self.is_qrexec_running(): raise qubes.QubesException( "Domain '{}': qrexec not connected.".format(self.name)) if gui and os.getenv("DISPLAY") is not None \ and not self.is_guid_running(): self.start_guid() args = [qubes.config.system_path['qrexec_client_path'], '-d', str(self.name), '{}:{}'.format(user, command)] if localcmd is not None: args += ['-l', localcmd] if filter_esc: args += ['-t'] if os.isatty(sys.stderr.fileno()): args += ['-T'] # TODO: QSB#13 if passio: if os.name == 'nt': # wait for qrexec-client to exit, otherwise client is not # properly attached to console if qvm-run is executed from # cmd.exe ret = subprocess.call(args) exit(ret) os.execv(qubes.config.system_path['qrexec_client_path'], args) exit(1) call_kwargs = {} if ignore_stderr: null = open("/dev/null", "w") call_kwargs['stderr'] = null if passio_popen: popen_kwargs = {'stdout': subprocess.PIPE} popen_kwargs['stdin'] = subprocess.PIPE if passio_stderr: popen_kwargs['stderr'] = subprocess.PIPE else: popen_kwargs['stderr'] = call_kwargs.get('stderr', None) p = subprocess.Popen(args, **popen_kwargs) if null: null.close() return p if not wait: args += ["-e"] retcode = subprocess.call(args, **call_kwargs) if null: null.close() return retcode def run_service(self, service, source=None, user=None, passio_popen=False, input=None): '''Run service on this VM **passio_popen** and **input** are mutually exclusive. :param str service: service name :param qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM: source domain as presented to this VM :param str user: username to run service as :param bool passio_popen: passed verbatim to :py:meth:`run` :param str input: string passed as input to service ''' # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin if input is not None and passio_popen is not None: raise ValueError("'input' and 'passio_popen' cannot be used " "together") source = 'dom0' if source is None else self.app.domains[source].name # XXX TODO FIXME this looks bad... if input: return self.run("QUBESRPC %s %s" % (service, source), localcmd="echo %s" % input, user=user, wait=True) else: return self.run("QUBESRPC %s %s" % (service, source), passio_popen=passio_popen, user=user, wait=True) def start_guid(self, extra_guid_args=None): '''Launch gui daemon. GUI daemon securely displays windows from domain. :param list extra_guid_args: Extra argv to pass to :program:`guid`. ''' self.log.info('Starting gui daemon') guid_cmd = [qubes.config.system_path['qubes_guid_path'], '-d', str(self.xid), "-N", self.name, '-c', self.label.color, '-i', self.label.icon_path, '-l', str(self.label.index)] if extra_guid_args is not None: guid_cmd += extra_guid_args if self.debug: guid_cmd += ['-v', '-v'] # elif not verbose: guid_cmd += ['-q'] retcode = subprocess.call(guid_cmd) if retcode != 0: raise qubes.QubesException('Cannot start qubes-guid!') self.log.info('Sending monitor layout') try: subprocess.call( [qubes.config.system_path['monitor_layout_notify_cmd'], self.name]) except Exception as e: self.log.error('ERROR: {!s}'.format(e)) self.wait_for_session() def start_qrexec_daemon(self): '''Start qrexec daemon. :raises OSError: when starting fails. ''' self.log.debug('Starting the qrexec daemon') qrexec_args = [str(self.xid), self.name, self.default_user] if not self.debug: qrexec_args.insert(0, "-q") qrexec_env = os.environ.copy() qrexec_env['QREXEC_STARTUP_TIMEOUT'] = str(self.qrexec_timeout) retcode = subprocess.call( [qubes.config.system_path["qrexec_daemon_path"]] + qrexec_args, env=qrexec_env) if retcode != 0: raise OSError('Cannot execute qrexec-daemon!') def start_qubesdb(self): '''Start QubesDB daemon. :raises OSError: when starting fails. ''' self.log.info('Starting Qubes DB') retcode = subprocess.call([ qubes.config.system_path["qubesdb_daemon_path"], str(self.xid), self.name]) if retcode != 0: self.force_shutdown() raise OSError("ERROR: Cannot execute qubesdb-daemon!") def wait_for_session(self): '''Wait until machine finished boot sequence. This is done by executing qubes RPC call that checks if dummy system service (which is started late in standard runlevel) is active. ''' self.log.info('Waiting for qubes-session') # Note : User root is redefined to SYSTEM in the Windows agent code p = self.run('QUBESRPC qubes.WaitForSession none', user="root", passio_popen=True, gui=False, wait=True) p.communicate(input=self.default_user) def create_on_disk(self, source_template=None): '''Create files needed for VM. :param qubes.vm.templatevm.TemplateVM source_template: Template to use (if :py:obj:`None`, use domain's own template ''' if source_template is None: # pylint: disable=no-member source_template = self.template assert source_template is not None self.storage.create_on_disk(source_template) if self.updateable: kernels_dir = source_template.kernels_dir self.log.info( 'Copying the kernel (unset kernel to use it): {0}'.format( kernels_dir)) os.mkdir(self.dir_path + '/kernels') for filename in ("vmlinuz", "initramfs", "modules.img"): shutil.copy(os.path.join(kernels_dir, filename), os.path.join(self.dir_path, qubes.config.vm_files["kernels_subdir"], filename)) self.log.info('Creating icon symlink: {} -> {}'.format( self.icon_path, self.label.icon_path)) if hasattr(os, "symlink"): os.symlink(self.label.icon_path, self.icon_path) else: shutil.copy(self.label.icon_path, self.icon_path) # fire hooks self.fire_event('domain-created-on-disk', source_template) def resize_private_img(self, size): '''Resize private image.''' # TODO QubesValueError, not assert assert size >= self.get_private_img_sz(), "Cannot shrink private.img" # resize the image self.storage.resize_private_img(size) # and then the filesystem # FIXME move this to qubes.storage.xen.XenVMStorage retcode = 0 if self.is_running(): retcode = self.run(''' while [ "`blockdev --getsize64 /dev/xvdb`" -lt {0} ]; do head /dev/xvdb >/dev/null; sleep 0.2; done; resize2fs /dev/xvdb'''.format(size), user="root", wait=True) if retcode != 0: raise qubes.QubesException('resize2fs failed') def remove_from_disk(self): '''Remove domain remnants from disk.''' self.fire_event('domain-removed-from-disk') self.storage.remove_from_disk() def clone_disk_files(self, src): '''Clone files from other vm. :param qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM src: source VM ''' if src.is_running(): raise qubes.QubesException('Attempt to clone a running VM!') self.storage.clone_disk_files(src, verbose=False) if src.icon_path is not None \ and os.path.exists(src.dir_path) \ and self.icon_path is not None: if os.path.islink(src.icon_path): icon_path = os.readlink(src.icon_path) self.log.info( 'Creating icon symlink {} -> {}'.format( self.icon_path, icon_path)) os.symlink(icon_path, self.icon_path) else: self.log.info( 'Copying icon {} -> {}'.format( src.icon_path, self.icon_path)) shutil.copy(src.icon_path, self.icon_path) # fire hooks self.fire_event('cloned-files', src) # TODO maybe this should be other way: backend.devices['net'].attach(self) def attach_network(self): '''Attach network in this machine to it's netvm.''' if not self.is_running(): raise qubes.QubesException('VM not running!') if self.netvm is None: raise qubes.QubesException('NetVM not set!') if not self.netvm.is_running(): self.log.info('Starting NetVM ({0})'.format(self.netvm.name)) self.netvm.start() self.libvirt_domain.attachDevice(lxml.etree.ElementTree( self.lvxml_net_dev(self.ip, self.mac, self.netvm)).tostring()) def detach_network(self): '''Detach machine from it's netvm''' if not self.is_running(): raise qubes.QubesException('VM not running!') if self.netvm is None: raise qubes.QubesException('NetVM not set!') self.libvirt_domain.detachDevice(lxml.etree.ElementTree( self.lvxml_net_dev(self.ip, self.mac, self.netvm)).tostring()) # # methods for querying domain state # # state of the machine def get_power_state(self): '''Return power state description string. Return value may be one of those: =============== ======================================================== return value meaning =============== ======================================================== ``'Halted'`` Machine is not active. ``'Transient'`` Machine is running, but does not have :program:`guid` or :program:`qrexec` available. ``'Running'`` Machine is ready and running. ``'Paused'`` Machine is paused (currently not available, see below). ``'Suspended'`` Machine is S3-suspended. ``'Halting'`` Machine is in process of shutting down. ``'Dying'`` Machine crashed and is unusable. ``'Crashed'`` Machine crashed and is unusable, probably because of bug in dom0. ``'NA'`` Machine is in unknown state (most likely libvirt domain is undefined). =============== ======================================================== ``Paused`` state is currently unavailable because of missing code in libvirt/xen glue. FIXME: graph below may be incomplete and wrong. Click on method name to see its documentation. .. graphviz:: digraph { node [fontname="sans-serif"]; edge [fontname="mono"]; Halted; NA; Dying; Crashed; Transient; Halting; Running; Paused [color=gray75 fontcolor=gray75]; Suspended; NA -> Halted; Halted -> NA [constraint=false]; Halted -> Transient [xlabel="start()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.start"]; Transient -> Running; Running -> Halting [xlabel="shutdown()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.shutdown" constraint=false]; Halting -> Dying -> Halted [constraint=false]; /* cosmetic, invisible edges to put rank constraint */ Dying -> Halting [style="invis"]; Halting -> Transient [style="invis"]; Running -> Halted [label="force_shutdown()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.force_shutdown" constraint=false]; Running -> Crashed [constraint=false]; Crashed -> Halted [constraint=false]; Running -> Paused [label="pause()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.pause" color=gray75 fontcolor=gray75]; Running -> Suspended [label="pause()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.pause" color=gray50 fontcolor=gray50]; Paused -> Running [label="unpause()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.unpause" color=gray75 fontcolor=gray75]; Suspended -> Running [label="unpause()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.unpause" color=gray50 fontcolor=gray50]; Running -> Suspended [label="suspend()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.suspend"]; Suspended -> Running [label="resume()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.resume"]; { rank=source; Halted NA }; { rank=same; Transient Halting }; { rank=same; Crashed Dying }; { rank=sink; Paused Suspended }; } .. seealso:: http://wiki.libvirt.org/page/VM_lifecycle Description of VM life cycle from the point of view of libvirt. https://libvirt.org/html/libvirt-libvirt-domain.html#virDomainState Libvirt's enum describing precise state of a domain. ''' # pylint: disable=too-many-return-statements libvirt_domain = self.libvirt_domain if libvirt_domain is None: return "NA" if libvirt_domain.isActive(): if libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_PAUSED: return "Paused" elif libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_CRASHED: return "Crashed" elif libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTDOWN: return "Halting" elif libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTOFF: return "Dying" elif libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_PMSUSPENDED: return "Suspended" else: if not self.is_fully_usable(): return "Transient" else: return "Running" else: return 'Halted' return "NA" def is_running(self): '''Check whether this domain is running. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if this domain is started, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' return self.libvirt_domain and self.libvirt_domain.isActive() def is_paused(self): '''Check whether this domain is paused. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if this domain is paused, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' return self.libvirt_domain \ and self.libvirt_domain.state() == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_PAUSED def is_guid_running(self): '''Check whether gui daemon for this domain is available. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if guid is running, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' xid = self.xid if xid < 0: return False if not os.path.exists('/var/run/qubes/guid-running.%d' % xid): return False return True def is_qrexec_running(self): '''Check whether qrexec for this domain is available. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if qrexec is running, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' if self.xid < 0: return False return os.path.exists('/var/run/qubes/qrexec.%s' % self.name) def is_fully_usable(self): '''Check whether domain is running and sane. Currently this checks for running guid and qrexec. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if qrexec is running, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' # Running gui-daemon implies also VM running if not self.is_guid_running(): return False if not self.is_qrexec_running(): return False return True # memory and disk def get_mem(self): '''Get current memory usage from VM. :returns: Memory usage [FIXME unit]. :rtype: FIXME ''' if self.libvirt_domain is None: return 0 if not self.libvirt_domain.isActive(): return 0 return self.libvirt_domain.info()[1] def get_mem_static_max(self): '''Get maximum memory available to VM. :returns: Memory limit [FIXME unit]. :rtype: FIXME ''' if self.libvirt_domain is None: return 0 return self.libvirt_domain.maxMemory() def get_per_cpu_time(self): '''Get total CPU time burned by this domain since start. :returns: CPU time usage [FIXME unit]. :rtype: FIXME ''' if self.libvirt_domain is None: return 0 if not self.libvirt_domain.isActive(): return 0 return self.libvirt_domain.getCPUStats( libvirt.VIR_NODE_CPU_STATS_ALL_CPUS, 0)[0]['cpu_time']/10**9 # XXX shouldn't this go only to vms that have root image? def get_disk_utilization_root_img(self): '''Get space that is actually ocuppied by :py:attr:`root_img`. Root image is a sparse file, so it is probably much less than logical available space. :returns: domain's real disk image size [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME .. seealso:: :py:meth:`get_root_img_sz` ''' return qubes.utils.get_disk_usage(self.root_img) # XXX shouldn't this go only to vms that have root image? def get_root_img_sz(self): '''Get image size of :py:attr:`root_img`. Root image is a sparse file, so it is probably much more than ocuppied physical space. :returns: domain's virtual disk size [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME .. seealso:: :py:meth:`get_disk_utilization_root_img` ''' if not os.path.exists(self.root_img): return 0 return os.path.getsize(self.root_img) def get_disk_utilization_private_img(self): '''Get space that is actually ocuppied by :py:attr:`private_img`. Private image is a sparse file, so it is probably much less than logical available space. :returns: domain's real disk image size [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME .. seealso:: :py:meth:`get_private_img_sz` ''' # pylint: disable=invalid-name return qubes.utils.get_disk_usage(self.private_img) def get_private_img_sz(self): '''Get image size of :py:attr:`private_img`. Private image is a sparse file, so it is probably much more than ocuppied physical space. :returns: domain's virtual disk size [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME .. seealso:: :py:meth:`get_disk_utilization_private_img` ''' return self.storage.get_private_img_sz() def get_disk_utilization(self): '''Return total space actually occuppied by all files belonging to \ this domain. :returns: domain's total disk usage [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME ''' return qubes.utils.get_disk_usage(self.dir_path) def verify_files(self): '''Verify that files accessed by this machine are sane. On success, returns normally. On failure, raises exception. ''' self.storage.verify_files() if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(self.kernels_dir, 'vmlinuz')): raise qubes.QubesException('VM kernel does not exist: {0}'.format( os.path.join(self.kernels_dir, 'vmlinuz'))) if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(self.kernels_dir, 'initramfs')): raise qubes.QubesException( 'VM initramfs does not exist: {0}'.format( os.path.join(self.kernels_dir, 'initramfs'))) self.fire_event('verify-files') return True # miscellanous def get_start_time(self): '''Tell when machine was started. :rtype: datetime.datetime ''' if not self.is_running(): return None # TODO shouldn't this be qubesdb? start_time = self.app.vmm.xs.read('', '/vm/{}/start_time'.format(self.uuid)) if start_time != '': return datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(float(start_time)) else: return None # XXX this probably should go to AppVM def is_outdated(self): '''Check whether domain needs restart to update root image from \ template. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if is outdated, :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' # Makes sense only on VM based on template if self.template is None: return False # pylint: disable=no-member if not self.is_running(): return False if not hasattr(self.template, 'rootcow_img'): return False rootimg_inode = os.stat(self.template.root_img) try: rootcow_inode = os.stat(self.template.rootcow_img) except OSError: # The only case when rootcow_img doesn't exists is in the middle of # commit_changes, so VM is outdated right now return True current_dmdev = "/dev/mapper/snapshot-{0:x}:{1}-{2:x}:{3}".format( rootimg_inode[2], rootimg_inode[1], rootcow_inode[2], rootcow_inode[1]) # FIXME # 51712 (0xCA00) is xvda # backend node name not available through xenapi :( used_dmdev = self.app.vmm.xs.read('', '/local/domain/0/backend/vbd/{}/51712/node'.format(self.xid)) return used_dmdev != current_dmdev def is_networked(self): '''Check whether this VM can reach network (firewall notwithstanding). :returns: :py:obj:`True` if is machine can reach network, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' if self.provides_network: return True return self.netvm is not None # # helper methods # def relative_path(self, path): '''Return path relative to py:attr:`dir_path`. :param str path: Path in question. :returns: Relative path. ''' return os.path.relpath(path, self.dir_path) def create_qdb_entries(self): '''Create entries in Qubes DB. ''' self.qdb.write("/name", self.name) self.qdb.write("/qubes-vm-type", self.type) self.qdb.write("/qubes-vm-updateable", str(self.updateable)) if self.provides_network: self.qdb.write("/qubes-netvm-gateway", self.gateway) self.qdb.write("/qubes-netvm-secondary-dns", self.secondary_dns) self.qdb.write("/qubes-netvm-netmask", self.netmask) self.qdb.write("/qubes-netvm-network", self.network) if self.netvm is not None: self.qdb.write("/qubes-ip", self.ip) self.qdb.write("/qubes-netmask", self.netvm.netmask) self.qdb.write("/qubes-gateway", self.netvm.gateway) self.qdb.write("/qubes-secondary-dns", self.netvm.secondary_dns) tzname = qubes.utils.get_timezone() if tzname: self.qdb.write("/qubes-timezone", tzname) for srv in self.services.keys(): # convert True/False to "1"/"0" self.qdb.write("/qubes-service/{0}".format(srv), str(int(self.services[srv]))) self.qdb.write("/qubes-block-devices", '') self.qdb.write("/qubes-usb-devices", '') self.qdb.write("/qubes-debug-mode", str(int(self.debug))) # TODO: Currently the whole qmemman is quite Xen-specific, so stay with # xenstore for it until decided otherwise if qmemman_present: self.app.vmm.xs.set_permissions('', '/local/domain/{}/memory'.format(self.xid), [{'dom': self.xid}]) self.fire_event('qdb-created') def _update_libvirt_domain(self): '''Re-initialise :py:attr:`libvirt_domain`.''' domain_config = self.create_config_file() if self._libvirt_domain is not None: self._libvirt_domain.undefine() try: self._libvirt_domain = self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.defineXML( domain_config) self.uuid = uuid.UUID(bytes=self._libvirt_domain.UUID()) except libvirt.libvirtError: if self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.virConnGetLastError()[0] == \ libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN: # accept the fact that libvirt doesn't know anything about this # domain... pass else: raise def cleanup_vifs(self): '''Remove stale network device backends. Xend does not remove vif when backend domain is down, so we must do it manually. ''' # FIXME: remove this? if not self.is_running(): return dev_basepath = '/local/domain/%d/device/vif' % self.xid for dev in self.app.vmm.xs.ls('', dev_basepath): # check if backend domain is alive backend_xid = int(self.app.vmm.xs.read('', '{}/{}/backend-id'.format(dev_basepath, dev))) if backend_xid in self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.listDomainsID(): # check if device is still active if self.app.vmm.xs.read('', '{}/{}/state'.format(dev_basepath, dev)) == '4': continue # remove dead device self.app.vmm.xs.rm('', '{}/{}'.format(dev_basepath, dev)) # # workshop -- those are to be reworked later # def get_prefmem(self): # TODO: qmemman is still xen specific untrusted_meminfo_key = self.app.vmm.xs.read('', '/local/domain/{}/memory/meminfo'.format(self.xid)) if untrusted_meminfo_key is None or untrusted_meminfo_key == '': return 0 domain = qmemman.DomainState(self.xid) qmemman_algo.refresh_meminfo_for_domain(domain, untrusted_meminfo_key) domain.memory_maximum = self.get_mem_static_max()*1024 return qmemman_algo.prefmem(domain)/1024 # # landfill -- those are unneeded # # attrs = { # XXX probably will be obsoleted by .events_enabled # "_do_not_reset_firewall": { "func": lambda x: False }, # "_start_guid_first": { "func": lambda x: False }, # } # this function appears unused # def _cleanup_zombie_domains(self): # """ # This function is workaround broken libxl (which leaves not fully # created domain on failure) and vchan on domain crash behaviour # @return: None # """ # xc = self.get_xc_dominfo() # if xc and xc['dying'] == 1: # # GUID still running? # guid_pidfile = '/var/run/qubes/guid-running.%d' % xc['domid'] # if os.path.exists(guid_pidfile): # guid_pid = open(guid_pidfile).read().strip() # os.kill(int(guid_pid), 15) # # qrexec still running? # if self.is_qrexec_running(): # #TODO: kill qrexec daemon # pass