#!/usr/bin/python2 -O # vim: fileencoding=utf-8 # # The Qubes OS Project, https://www.qubes-os.org/ # # Copyright (C) 2010-2015 Joanna Rutkowska # Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Marek Marczykowski-Górecki # # Copyright (C) 2014-2015 Wojtek Porczyk # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along # with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., # 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. # from __future__ import absolute_import import datetime import itertools import os import os.path import re import shutil import subprocess import sys import time import uuid import warnings import libvirt import lxml.etree import qubes import qubes.config import qubes.exc import qubes.storage import qubes.utils import qubes.vm import qubes.vm.mix.net import qubes.tools.qvm_ls qmemman_present = False try: import qubes.qmemman.client qmemman_present = True except ImportError: pass def _setter_qid(self, prop, value): # pylint: disable=unused-argument value = int(value) if not 0 <= value <= qubes.config.max_qid: raise ValueError( '{} value must be between 0 and qubes.config.max_qid'.format( prop.__name__)) return value def _setter_name(self, prop, value): if not isinstance(value, basestring): raise TypeError('{} value must be string, {!r} found'.format( prop.__name__, type(value).__name__)) if len(value) > 31: raise ValueError('{} value must be shorter than 32 characters'.format( prop.__name__)) # this regexp does not contain '+'; if it had it, we should specifically # disallow 'lost+found' #1440 if re.match(r"^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*$", value) is None: raise ValueError('{} value contains illegal characters'.format( prop.__name__)) if self.is_running(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotHaltedError( self, 'Cannot change name of running VM') try: if self.installed_by_rpm: raise qubes.exc.QubesException('Cannot rename VM installed by RPM ' '-- first clone VM and then use yum to remove package.') except AttributeError: pass return value def _setter_kernel(self, prop, value): # pylint: disable=unused-argument dirname = os.path.join( qubes.config.system_path['qubes_base_dir'], qubes.config.system_path['qubes_kernels_base_dir'], value) if not os.path.exists(dirname): raise qubes.exc.QubesPropertyValueError(self, prop, value, 'Kernel {!r} not installed'.format(value)) for filename in ('vmlinuz', 'initramfs'): if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(dirname, filename)): raise qubes.exc.QubesPropertyValueError( 'Kernel {!r} not properly installed: missing {!r} file'.format( value, filename)) return value def _setter_label(self, prop, value): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if isinstance(value, qubes.Label): return value if value.startswith('label-'): return self.app.labels[int(value.split('-', 1)[1])] return self.app.get_label(value) class QubesVM(qubes.vm.mix.net.NetVMMixin, qubes.vm.BaseVM): '''Base functionality of Qubes VM shared between all VMs.''' # # per-class properties # #: directory in which domains of this class will reside dir_path_prefix = qubes.config.system_path['qubes_appvms_dir'] # # properties loaded from XML # label = qubes.property('label', setter=_setter_label, saver=(lambda self, prop, value: 'label-{}'.format(value.index)), ls_width=14, doc='''Colourful label assigned to VM. This is where the colour of the padlock is set.''') # provides_network = qubes.property('provides_network', # type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, # doc='`True` if it is NetVM or ProxyVM, false otherwise.') qid = qubes.property('qid', type=int, write_once=True, setter=_setter_qid, ls_width=3, doc='''Internal, persistent identificator of particular domain. Note this is different from Xen domid.''') name = qubes.property('name', type=str, ls_width=31, doc='User-specified name of the domain.') uuid = qubes.property('uuid', type=uuid.UUID, write_once=True, ls_width=36, doc='UUID from libvirt.') # XXX this should be part of qubes.xml firewall_conf = qubes.property('firewall_conf', type=str, default='firewall.xml') installed_by_rpm = qubes.property('installed_by_rpm', type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, default=False, doc='''If this domain's image was installed from package tracked by package manager.''') memory = qubes.property('memory', type=int, default=qubes.config.defaults['memory'], doc='Memory currently available for this VM.') maxmem = qubes.property('maxmem', type=int, default=None, doc='''Maximum amount of memory available for this VM (for the purpose of the memory balancer).''') internal = qubes.property('internal', default=False, type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='''Internal VM (not shown in qubes-manager, don't create appmenus entries.''') # FIXME self.app.host could not exist - only self.app.vm required by API vcpus = qubes.property('vcpus', default=(lambda self: self.app.host.no_cpus), ls_width=2, doc='FIXME') pool_name = qubes.property('pool_name', default='default', doc='storage pool for this qube devices') dir_path = property((lambda self: self.storage.vmdir), doc='Root directory for files related to this domain') # XXX swallowed uses_default_kernel # XXX not applicable to HVM? kernel = qubes.property('kernel', type=str, setter=_setter_kernel, default=(lambda self: self.app.default_kernel), ls_width=12, doc='Kernel used by this domain.') # XXX swallowed uses_default_kernelopts # XXX not applicable to HVM? kernelopts = qubes.property('kernelopts', type=str, load_stage=4, default=(lambda self: qubes.config.defaults['kernelopts_pcidevs'] \ if len(self.devices['pci']) > 0 \ else self.template.kernelopts if hasattr(self, 'template') \ else qubes.config.defaults['kernelopts']), ls_width=30, doc='Kernel command line passed to domain.') debug = qubes.property('debug', type=bool, default=False, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='Turns on debugging features.') # XXX what this exactly does? # XXX shouldn't this go to standalone VM and TemplateVM, and leave here # only plain property? default_user = qubes.property('default_user', type=str, default=(lambda self: self.template.default_user if hasattr(self, 'template') else 'user'), ls_width=12, doc='FIXME') # @property # def default_user(self): # if self.template is not None: # return self.template.default_user # else: # return self._default_user qrexec_timeout = qubes.property('qrexec_timeout', type=int, default=60, ls_width=3, doc='''Time in seconds after which qrexec connection attempt is deemed failed. Operating system inside VM should be able to boot in this time.''') autostart = qubes.property('autostart', default=False, type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='''Setting this to `True` means that VM should be autostarted on dom0 boot.''') # XXX I don't understand backups include_in_backups = qubes.property('include_in_backups', default=True, type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='If this domain is to be included in default backup.') backup_content = qubes.property('backup_content', default=False, type=bool, setter=qubes.property.bool, doc='FIXME') backup_size = qubes.property('backup_size', type=int, default=0, doc='FIXME') backup_path = qubes.property('backup_path', type=str, default='', doc='FIXME') # format got changed from %s to str(datetime.datetime) backup_timestamp = qubes.property('backup_timestamp', default=None, setter=(lambda self, prop, value: datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(value)), saver=(lambda self, prop, value: value.strftime('%s')), doc='FIXME') # # static, class-wide properties # # config file should go away to storage/backend class #: template for libvirt config file (XML) config_file_template = qubes.config.system_path["config_template_pv"] # # properties not loaded from XML, calculated at run-time # # VMM-related @qubes.tools.qvm_ls.column(width=3) @property def xid(self): '''Xen ID. Or not Xen, but ID. ''' if self.libvirt_domain is None: return -1 try: return self.libvirt_domain.ID() except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() == libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN: return -1 else: self.log.exception('libvirt error code: {!r}'.format( e.get_error_code())) raise @property def libvirt_domain(self): '''Libvirt domain object from libvirt. May be :py:obj:`None`, if libvirt knows nothing about this domain. ''' if self._libvirt_domain is not None: return self._libvirt_domain # XXX _update_libvirt_domain? try: self._libvirt_domain = self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.lookupByUUID( self.uuid.bytes) except libvirt.libvirtError: if self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.virConnGetLastError()[0] == \ libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN: self._update_libvirt_domain() else: raise return self._libvirt_domain @property def qdb(self): '''QubesDB handle for this domain.''' if self._qdb_connection is None: if self.is_running(): import qubes.qdb self._qdb_connection = qubes.qdb.QubesDB(self.name) return self._qdb_connection # XXX this should go to to AppVM? @property def private_img(self): '''Location of private image of the VM (that contains :file:`/rw` \ and :file:`/home`).''' return self.storage.private_img # XXX this should go to to AppVM? or TemplateVM? @property def root_img(self): '''Location of root image.''' return self.storage.root_img # XXX and this should go to exactly where? DispVM has it. @property def volatile_img(self): '''Volatile image that overlays :py:attr:`root_img`.''' return self.storage.volatile_img # XXX shouldn't this go elsewhere? @property def updateable(self): '''True if this machine may be updated on its own.''' return not hasattr(self, 'template') @property def icon_path(self): return os.path.join(self.dir_path, 'icon.png') @property def conf_file(self): return os.path.join(self.dir_path, self.name + '.conf') # XXX I don't know what to do with these; probably should be isinstance(...) def is_template(self): warnings.warn('vm.is_template() is deprecated, use isinstance()', DeprecationWarning) return isinstance(self, qubes.vm.templatevm.TemplateVM) def is_appvm(self): warnings.warn('vm.is_appvm() is deprecated, use isinstance()', DeprecationWarning) return isinstance(self, qubes.vm.appvm.AppVM) def is_proxyvm(self): warnings.warn('vm.is_proxyvm() is deprecated, use isinstance()', DeprecationWarning) return isinstance(self, qubes.vm.proxyvm.ProxyVM) def is_disposablevm(self): warnings.warn('vm.is_disposable() is deprecated, use isinstance()', DeprecationWarning) return isinstance(self, qubes.vm.dispvm.DispVM) # network-related # # constructor # def __init__(self, app, xml, **kwargs): super(QubesVM, self).__init__(app, xml, **kwargs) import qubes.vm.adminvm # pylint: disable=redefined-outer-name #Init private attrs self._libvirt_domain = None self._qdb_connection = None if xml is None: # we are creating new VM and attributes came through kwargs assert hasattr(self, 'qid') assert hasattr(self, 'name') # Not in generic way to not create QubesHost() to frequently # XXX this doesn't apply, host is instantiated once if self.maxmem is None and not self.app.vmm.offline_mode: total_mem_mb = self.app.host.memory_total/1024 self.maxmem = total_mem_mb/2 # Linux specific cap: max memory can't scale beyond 10.79*init_mem # see https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/qubes-devel/VRqkFj1IOtA if self.maxmem > self.memory * 10: self.maxmem = self.memory * 10 # By default allow use all VCPUs # if not hasattr(self, 'vcpus') and not self.app.vmm.offline_mode: # self.vcpus = self.app.host.no_cpus if len(self.devices['pci']) > 0: # Force meminfo-writer disabled when VM have PCI devices self.services['meminfo-writer'] = False elif not isinstance(self, qubes.vm.adminvm.AdminVM) \ and 'meminfo-writer' not in self.services: # Always set if meminfo-writer should be active or not self.services['meminfo-writer'] = True if xml is None: # new qube, disable updates check if requested for new qubes # TODO: when features (#1637) are done, migrate to plugin if not self.app.check_updates_vm: self.services['qubes-update-check'] = False # Initialize VM image storage class self.storage = qubes.storage.get_pool( self.pool_name, self).get_storage(self) # fire hooks if xml is None: self.events_enabled = True self.fire_event('domain-init') # # event handlers # @qubes.events.handler('domain-init', 'domain-loaded') def on_domain_init_loaded(self, event): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if not hasattr(self, 'uuid'): self.uuid = uuid.uuid4() @qubes.events.handler('property-set:label') def on_property_set_label(self, event, name, new_label, old_label=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if self.icon_path: try: os.remove(self.icon_path) except OSError: pass if hasattr(os, "symlink"): os.symlink(new_label.icon_path, self.icon_path) # FIXME: some os-independent wrapper? subprocess.call(['sudo', 'xdg-icon-resource', 'forceupdate']) else: shutil.copy(new_label.icon_path, self.icon_path) @qubes.events.handler('property-pre-set:name') def on_property_pre_set_name(self, event, name, newvalue, oldvalue=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument # TODO not self.is_stopped() would be more appropriate if self.is_running(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotHaltedError( 'Cannot change name of running domain {!r}'.format(oldvalue)) if self.autostart: subprocess.check_call(['sudo', 'systemctl', '-q', 'disable', 'qubes-vm@{}.service'.format(oldvalue)]) @qubes.events.handler('property-set:name') def on_property_set_name(self, event, name, new_name, old_name=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument self.init_log() if self._libvirt_domain is not None: self.libvirt_domain.undefine() self._libvirt_domain = None if self._qdb_connection is not None: self._qdb_connection.close() self._qdb_connection = None self.storage.rename( self._get_dir_path(new_name), self._get_dir_path(old_name)) if self.property_is_default('conf_file'): new_conf = os.path.join( self.dir_path, _default_conf_file(self, old_name)) old_conf = os.path.join( self.dir_path, _default_conf_file(self, old_name)) self.storage.rename(old_conf, new_conf) self.fire_event('property-set:conf_file', 'conf_file', new_conf, old_conf) self._update_libvirt_domain() if self.autostart: self.autostart = self.autostart @qubes.events.handler('property-pre-set:autostart') def on_property_pre_set_autostart(self, event, prop, name, value, oldvalue=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if subprocess.call(['sudo', 'systemctl', ('enable' if value else 'disable'), 'qubes-vm@{}.service'.format(self.name)]): raise qubes.exc.QubesException( 'Failed to set autostart for VM via systemctl') @qubes.events.handler('device-pre-attached:pci') def on_device_pre_attached_pci(self, event, pci): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if not os.path.exists('/sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:{}'.format(pci)): raise qubes.exc.QubesException('Invalid PCI device: {}'.format(pci)) if not self.is_running(): return try: # TODO: libvirt-ise subprocess.check_call( ['sudo', qubes.config.system_path['qubes_pciback_cmd'], pci]) subprocess.check_call( ['sudo', 'xl', 'pci-attach', str(self.xid), pci]) except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e: self.log.exception('Failed to attach PCI device {!r} on the fly,' ' changes will be seen after VM restart.'.format(pci), e) @qubes.events.handler('device-pre-detached:pci') def on_device_pre_detached_pci(self, event, pci): # pylint: disable=unused-argument if not self.is_running(): return # TODO: libvirt-ise p = subprocess.Popen(['xl', 'pci-list', str(self.xid)], stdout=subprocess.PIPE) result = p.communicate() m = re.search(r"^(\d+.\d+)\s+0000:%s$" % pci, result[0], flags=re.MULTILINE) if not m: print >>sys.stderr, "Device %s already detached" % pci return vmdev = m.group(1) try: self.run_service("qubes.DetachPciDevice", user="root", input="00:%s" % vmdev) subprocess.check_call( ['sudo', 'xl', 'pci-detach', str(self.xid), pci]) except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e: self.log.exception('Failed to detach PCI device {!r} on the fly,' ' changes will be seen after VM restart.'.format(pci), e) # # methods for changing domain state # def start(self, preparing_dvm=False, start_guid=True, notify_function=None, mem_required=None): '''Start domain :param bool preparing_dvm: FIXME :param bool start_guid: FIXME :param collections.Callable notify_function: FIXME :param int mem_required: FIXME ''' # Intentionally not used is_running(): eliminate also "Paused", # "Crashed", "Halting" if self.get_power_state() != 'Halted': raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotHaltedError(self) self.log.info('Starting {}'.format(self.name)) self.verify_files() if self.netvm is not None: if self.netvm.qid != 0: if not self.netvm.is_running(): self.netvm.start(start_guid=start_guid, notify_function=notify_function) self.storage.prepare_for_vm_startup() self._update_libvirt_domain() qmemman_client = self.request_memory(mem_required) # Bind pci devices to pciback driver for pci in self.devices['pci']: try: node = self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.nodeDeviceLookupByName( 'pci_0000_' + pci.replace(':', '_').replace('.', '_')) except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() == libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_NODE_DEVICE: raise qubes.exc.QubesException( 'PCI device {!r} does not exist (domain {!r})'.format( pci, self.name)) try: node.dettach() except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() == libvirt.VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR: # allreaddy dettached pass else: raise self.libvirt_domain.createWithFlags(libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_START_PAUSED) try: if preparing_dvm: self.services['qubes-dvm'] = True self.log.info('Setting Qubes DB info for the VM') self.start_qubesdb() self.create_qdb_entries() self.log.info('Updating firewall rules') for vm in self.app.domains: if vm.is_proxyvm() and vm.is_running(): vm.write_iptables_xenstore_entry() self.log.warning('Activating the {} VM'.format(self.name)) self.libvirt_domain.resume() # close() is not really needed, because the descriptor is close-on-exec # anyway, the reason to postpone close() is that possibly xl is not done # constructing the domain after its main process exits # so we close() when we know the domain is up # the successful unpause is some indicator of it if qmemman_client: qmemman_client.close() # if self._start_guid_first and start_guid and not preparing_dvm \ # and os.path.exists('/var/run/shm.id'): # self.start_guid() if not preparing_dvm: self.start_qrexec_daemon() if start_guid and not preparing_dvm \ and os.path.exists('/var/run/shm.id'): self.start_guid() self.fire_event('domain-started', preparing_dvm=preparing_dvm, start_guid=start_guid) except: # pylint: disable=bare-except self.force_shutdown() raise def shutdown(self, force=False): '''Shutdown domain. :raises qubes.exc.QubesVMNotStartedError: \ when domain is already shut down. ''' if not self.is_running(): # TODO not self.is_halted() raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotStartedError(self) self.fire_event_pre('pre-domain-shutdown', force=force) # try to gracefully detach PCI devices before shutdown, to mitigate # timeouts on forcible detach at domain destroy; if that fails, too bad for pci in self.devices['pci']: try: self.libvirt_domain.detachDevice(self.lvxml_pci_dev(pci)) except libvirt.libvirtError as e: self.log.warning( 'error while gracefully detaching PCI device ({!r}) during' ' shutdown of {!r}; error code: {!r}; continuing' ' anyway'.format(pci, self.name, e.get_error_code()), exc_info=1) self.libvirt_domain.shutdown() def kill(self): '''Forcefuly shutdown (destroy) domain. :raises qubes.exc.QubesVMNotStartedError: \ when domain is already shut down. ''' if not self.is_running() and not self.is_paused(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotStartedError(self) self.libvirt_domain.destroy() def force_shutdown(self, *args, **kwargs): '''Deprecated alias for :py:meth:`kill`''' warnings.warn( 'Call to deprecated function force_shutdown(), use kill() instead', DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2) self.kill(*args, **kwargs) def suspend(self): '''Suspend (pause) domain. :raises qubes.exc.QubesVMNotRunnignError: \ when domain is already shut down. :raises qubes.exc.QubesNotImplemetedError: \ when domain has PCI devices attached. ''' if not self.is_running() and not self.is_paused(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotRunningError(self) if len(self.devices['pci']) > 0: raise qubes.exc.QubesNotImplementedError( 'Cannot suspend domain {!r} which has PCI devices attached' \ .format(self.name)) else: self.libvirt_domain.suspend() def pause(self): '''Pause (suspend) domain. This currently delegates to \ :py:meth:`suspend`.''' if not self.is_running(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotRunningError(self) self.suspend() def resume(self): '''Resume suspended domain. :raises qubes.exc.QubesVMNotSuspendedError: when machine is not paused :raises qubes.exc.QubesVMError: when machine is suspended ''' if self.get_power_state() == "Suspended": raise qubes.exc.QubesVMError(self, 'Cannot resume suspended domain {!r}'.format(self.name)) else: self.unpause() def unpause(self): '''Resume (unpause) a domain''' if not self.is_paused(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotPausedError(self) self.libvirt_domain.resume() def run(self, command, user=None, autostart=False, notify_function=None, passio=False, passio_popen=False, passio_stderr=False, ignore_stderr=False, localcmd=None, wait=False, gui=True, filter_esc=False): '''Run specified command inside domain :param str command: the command to be run :param str user: user to run the command as :param bool autostart: if :py:obj:`True`, machine will be started if \ it is not running :param collections.Callable notify_function: FIXME, may go away :param bool passio: FIXME :param bool passio_popen: if :py:obj:`True`, \ :py:class:`subprocess.Popen` object has connected ``stdin`` and \ ``stdout`` :param bool passio_stderr: if :py:obj:`True`, \ :py:class:`subprocess.Popen` has additionaly ``stderr`` connected :param bool ignore_stderr: if :py:obj:`True`, ``stderr`` is connected \ to :file:`/dev/null` :param str localcmd: local command to communicate with remote command :param bool wait: if :py:obj:`True`, wait for command completion :param bool gui: when autostarting, also start gui daemon :param bool filter_esc: filter escape sequences to protect terminal \ emulator ''' if user is None: user = self.default_user null = None if not self.is_running() and not self.is_paused(): if not autostart: raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotRunningError(self) if notify_function is not None: notify_function('info', 'Starting the {!r} VM...'.format(self.name)) self.start(start_guid=gui, notify_function=notify_function) if self.is_paused(): # XXX what about autostart? raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotRunningError( self, 'Domain {!r} is paused'.format(self.name)) if not self.is_qrexec_running(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMError( self, 'Domain {!r}: qrexec not connected'.format(self.name)) if gui and os.getenv("DISPLAY") is not None \ and not self.is_guid_running(): self.start_guid() args = [qubes.config.system_path['qrexec_client_path'], '-d', str(self.name), '{}:{}'.format(user, command)] if localcmd is not None: args += ['-l', localcmd] if filter_esc: args += ['-t'] if os.isatty(sys.stderr.fileno()): args += ['-T'] call_kwargs = {} if ignore_stderr or not passio: null = open("/dev/null", "r+") call_kwargs['stderr'] = null if not passio: call_kwargs['stdin'] = null call_kwargs['stdout'] = null if passio_popen: popen_kwargs = {'stdout': subprocess.PIPE} popen_kwargs['stdin'] = subprocess.PIPE if passio_stderr: popen_kwargs['stderr'] = subprocess.PIPE else: popen_kwargs['stderr'] = call_kwargs.get('stderr', None) p = subprocess.Popen(args, **popen_kwargs) if null: null.close() return p if not wait and not passio: args += ["-e"] retcode = subprocess.call(args, **call_kwargs) if null: null.close() return retcode def run_service(self, service, source=None, user=None, passio_popen=False, input=None, localcmd=None, gui=False, wait=True): '''Run service on this VM **passio_popen** and **input** are mutually exclusive. :param str service: service name :param qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM: source domain as presented to this VM :param str user: username to run service as :param bool passio_popen: passed verbatim to :py:meth:`run` :param str input: string passed as input to service ''' # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin if len(i for i in (input, passio_popen, localcmd) if i) > 1: raise ValueError( 'input, passio_popen and localcmd cannot be used together') if input: localcmd = 'printf %s {}'.format(pipes.quote(input)) source = 'dom0' if source is None else self.app.domains[source].name return self.run('QUBESRPC {} {}'.format(service, source), localcmd=localcmd, passio_popen=passio_popen, user=user, wait=wait, gui=gui) def request_memory(self, mem_required=None): # overhead of per-qube/per-vcpu Xen structures, # taken from OpenStack nova/virt/xenapi/driver.py # see https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/XenServer/Overhead # add an extra MB because Nova rounds up to MBs if not qmemman_present: return MEM_OVERHEAD_BASE = (3 + 1) * 1024 * 1024 MEM_OVERHEAD_PER_CPU = 3 * 1024 * 1024 / 2 if mem_required is None: mem_required = int(self.memory) * 1024 * 1024 qmemman_client = qubes.qmemman.client.QMemmanClient() try: mem_required_with_overhead = mem_required + MEM_OVERHEAD_BASE \ + self.vcpus * MEM_OVERHEAD_PER_VCPU got_memory = qmemman_client.request_memory( mem_required_with_overhead) except IOError as e: raise IOError('Failed to connect to qmemman: {!s}'.format(e)) if not got_memory: qmemman_client.close() raise qubes.exc.QubesMemoryError(self) return qmemman_client def start_guid(self, extra_guid_args=None): '''Launch gui daemon. GUI daemon securely displays windows from domain. :param list extra_guid_args: Extra argv to pass to :program:`guid`. ''' self.log.info('Starting gui daemon') guid_cmd = [qubes.config.system_path['qubes_guid_path'], '-d', str(self.xid), "-N", self.name, '-c', self.label.color, '-i', self.label.icon_path, '-l', str(self.label.index)] if extra_guid_args is not None: guid_cmd += extra_guid_args if self.debug: guid_cmd += ['-v', '-v'] # elif not verbose: else: guid_cmd += ['-q'] retcode = subprocess.call(guid_cmd) if retcode != 0: raise qubes.exc.QubesVMError(self, 'Cannot start qubes-guid for domain {!r}'.format(self.name)) self.notify_monitor_layout() self.wait_for_session() def start_qrexec_daemon(self): '''Start qrexec daemon. :raises OSError: when starting fails. ''' self.log.debug('Starting the qrexec daemon') qrexec_args = [str(self.xid), self.name, self.default_user] if not self.debug: qrexec_args.insert(0, "-q") qrexec_env = os.environ.copy() qrexec_env['QREXEC_STARTUP_TIMEOUT'] = str(self.qrexec_timeout) retcode = subprocess.call( [qubes.config.system_path["qrexec_daemon_path"]] + qrexec_args, env=qrexec_env) if retcode != 0: raise OSError('Cannot execute qrexec-daemon!') def start_qubesdb(self): '''Start QubesDB daemon. :raises OSError: when starting fails. ''' self.log.info('Starting Qubes DB') # FIXME #1694 #1241 retcode = subprocess.call([ qubes.config.system_path["qubesdb_daemon_path"], str(self.xid), self.name]) if retcode != 0: raise qubes.exc.QubesException('Cannot execute qubesdb-daemon') def wait_for_session(self): '''Wait until machine finished boot sequence. This is done by executing qubes RPC call that checks if dummy system service (which is started late in standard runlevel) is active. ''' self.log.info('Waiting for qubes-session') # Note : User root is redefined to SYSTEM in the Windows agent code p = self.run('QUBESRPC qubes.WaitForSession none', user="root", passio_popen=True, gui=False, wait=True) p.communicate(input=self.default_user) # TODO event, extension def notify_monitor_layout(self): monitor_layout = qubes.monitor_layout.get_monitor_layout() # notify qube only if we've got a non-empty monitor_layout or else we # break proper qube resolution set by gui-agent if not monitor_layout: return self.log.info('Sending monitor layout') qubes.monitor_layout.notify_vm(self, monitor_layout) # TODO move to storage def create_on_disk(self, source_template=None): '''Create files needed for VM. :param qubes.vm.templatevm.TemplateVM source_template: Template to use (if :py:obj:`None`, use domain's own template ''' if source_template is None: # pylint: disable=no-member source_template = self.template assert source_template is not None self.storage.create_on_disk(source_template) if self.updateable: kernels_dir = source_template.storage.kernels_dir self.log.info( 'Copying the kernel (unset kernel to use it): {0}'.format( kernels_dir)) os.mkdir(self.dir_path + '/kernels') for filename in ("vmlinuz", "initramfs", "modules.img"): shutil.copy(os.path.join(kernels_dir, filename), os.path.join(self.storage.kernels_dir, filename)) self.log.info('Creating icon symlink: {} -> {}'.format( self.icon_path, self.label.icon_path)) if hasattr(os, "symlink"): os.symlink(self.label.icon_path, self.icon_path) else: shutil.copy(self.label.icon_path, self.icon_path) # fire hooks self.fire_event('domain-created-on-disk', source_template) # TODO move to storage def resize_private_img(self, size): '''Resize private image.''' if size >= self.get_private_img_sz(): raise qubes.exc.QubesValueError('Cannot shrink private.img') # resize the image self.storage.resize_private_img(size) # and then the filesystem # FIXME move this to qubes.storage.xen.XenVMStorage retcode = 0 if self.is_running(): retcode = self.run(''' while [ "`blockdev --getsize64 /dev/xvdb`" -lt {0} ]; do head /dev/xvdb >/dev/null; sleep 0.2; done; resize2fs /dev/xvdb'''.format(size), user="root", wait=True) if retcode != 0: raise qubes.exc.QubesException('resize2fs failed') # TODO move to storage def resize_root_img(self, size, allow_start=False): if hasattr(self, 'template'): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMError(self, 'Cannot resize root.img of template based qube. Resize the' ' root.img of the template instead.') # TODO self.is_halted if self.is_running(): raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotHaltedError(self, 'Cannot resize root.img of a running qube') if size < self.get_root_img_sz(): raise qubes.exc.QubesValueError( 'For your own safety, shrinking of root.img is disabled. If you' ' really know what you are doing, use `truncate` manually.') with open(self.root_img, 'a+b') as fd: fd.truncate(size) if False: #self.hvm: return if not allow_start: raise qubes.exc.QubesException( 'The qube has to be started to complete the operation, but is' ' required not to start. Either run the operation again allowing' ' starting of the qube this time, or run resize2fs in the qube' ' manually.') self.start(start_guid=False) # TODO run_service #1695 self.run('resize2fs /dev/mapper/dmroot', user='root', wait=True, gui=False) self.shutdown() while self.is_running(): #1696 time.sleep(1) def remove_from_disk(self): '''Remove domain remnants from disk.''' self.fire_event('domain-removed-from-disk') self.storage.remove_from_disk() def clone_disk_files(self, src): '''Clone files from other vm. :param qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM src: source VM ''' if src.is_running(): # XXX what about paused? raise qubes.exc.QubesVMNotHaltedError( self, 'Cannot clone a running domain {!r}'.format(self.name)) self.storage.clone_disk_files(src, verbose=False) if src.icon_path is not None \ and os.path.exists(src.dir_path) \ and self.icon_path is not None: if os.path.islink(src.icon_path): icon_path = os.readlink(src.icon_path) self.log.info( 'Creating icon symlink {} -> {}'.format( self.icon_path, icon_path)) os.symlink(icon_path, self.icon_path) else: self.log.info( 'Copying icon {} -> {}'.format( src.icon_path, self.icon_path)) shutil.copy(src.icon_path, self.icon_path) # fire hooks self.fire_event('cloned-files', src) # # methods for querying domain state # # state of the machine def get_power_state(self): '''Return power state description string. Return value may be one of those: =============== ======================================================== return value meaning =============== ======================================================== ``'Halted'`` Machine is not active. ``'Transient'`` Machine is running, but does not have :program:`guid` or :program:`qrexec` available. ``'Running'`` Machine is ready and running. ``'Paused'`` Machine is paused (currently not available, see below). ``'Suspended'`` Machine is S3-suspended. ``'Halting'`` Machine is in process of shutting down. ``'Dying'`` Machine crashed and is unusable. ``'Crashed'`` Machine crashed and is unusable, probably because of bug in dom0. ``'NA'`` Machine is in unknown state (most likely libvirt domain is undefined). =============== ======================================================== ``Paused`` state is currently unavailable because of missing code in libvirt/xen glue. FIXME: graph below may be incomplete and wrong. Click on method name to see its documentation. .. graphviz:: digraph { node [fontname="sans-serif"]; edge [fontname="mono"]; Halted; NA; Dying; Crashed; Transient; Halting; Running; Paused [color=gray75 fontcolor=gray75]; Suspended; NA -> Halted; Halted -> NA [constraint=false]; Halted -> Transient [xlabel="start()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.start"]; Transient -> Running; Running -> Halting [xlabel="shutdown()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.shutdown" constraint=false]; Halting -> Dying -> Halted [constraint=false]; /* cosmetic, invisible edges to put rank constraint */ Dying -> Halting [style="invis"]; Halting -> Transient [style="invis"]; Running -> Halted [label="force_shutdown()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.force_shutdown" constraint=false]; Running -> Crashed [constraint=false]; Crashed -> Halted [constraint=false]; Running -> Paused [label="pause()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.pause" color=gray75 fontcolor=gray75]; Running -> Suspended [label="pause()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.pause" color=gray50 fontcolor=gray50]; Paused -> Running [label="unpause()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.unpause" color=gray75 fontcolor=gray75]; Suspended -> Running [label="unpause()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.unpause" color=gray50 fontcolor=gray50]; Running -> Suspended [label="suspend()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.suspend"]; Suspended -> Running [label="resume()" URL="#qubes.vm.qubesvm.QubesVM.resume"]; { rank=source; Halted NA }; { rank=same; Transient Halting }; { rank=same; Crashed Dying }; { rank=sink; Paused Suspended }; } .. seealso:: http://wiki.libvirt.org/page/VM_lifecycle Description of VM life cycle from the point of view of libvirt. https://libvirt.org/html/libvirt-libvirt-domain.html#virDomainState Libvirt's enum describing precise state of a domain. ''' # pylint: disable=too-many-return-statements libvirt_domain = self.libvirt_domain if libvirt_domain is None: return 'Halted' try: if libvirt_domain.isActive(): if libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_PAUSED: return "Paused" elif libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_CRASHED: return "Crashed" elif libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTDOWN: return "Halting" elif libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTOFF: return "Dying" elif libvirt_domain.state()[0] == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_PMSUSPENDED: return "Suspended" else: if not self.is_fully_usable(): return "Transient" else: return "Running" else: return 'Halted' except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() == libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN: return 'Halted' else: raise assert False def is_running(self): '''Check whether this domain is running. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if this domain is started, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' # TODO context manager #1693 return self.libvirt_domain and self.libvirt_domain.isActive() def is_paused(self): '''Check whether this domain is paused. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if this domain is paused, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' return self.libvirt_domain \ and self.libvirt_domain.state() == libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_PAUSED def is_guid_running(self): '''Check whether gui daemon for this domain is available. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if guid is running, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' xid = self.xid if xid < 0: return False if not os.path.exists('/var/run/qubes/guid-running.%d' % xid): return False return True def is_qrexec_running(self): '''Check whether qrexec for this domain is available. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if qrexec is running, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' if self.xid < 0: return False return os.path.exists('/var/run/qubes/qrexec.%s' % self.name) def is_fully_usable(self): '''Check whether domain is running and sane. Currently this checks for running guid and qrexec. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if qrexec is running, \ :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' # Running gui-daemon implies also VM running if not self.is_guid_running(): return False if not self.is_qrexec_running(): return False return True # memory and disk def get_mem(self): '''Get current memory usage from VM. :returns: Memory usage [FIXME unit]. :rtype: FIXME ''' if self.libvirt_domain is None: return 0 try: if not self.libvirt_domain.isActive(): return 0 return self.libvirt_domain.info()[1] except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() in ( # qube no longer exists libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN, # libxl_domain_info failed (race condition from isActive) libvirt.VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, ): return 0 else: self.log.exception( 'libvirt error code: {!r}'.format(e.get_error_code())) raise def get_mem_static_max(self): '''Get maximum memory available to VM. :returns: Memory limit [FIXME unit]. :rtype: FIXME ''' if self.libvirt_domain is None: return 0 try: return self.libvirt_domain.maxMemory() except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() in ( # qube no longer exists libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN, # libxl_domain_info failed (race condition from isActive) libvirt.VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, ): return 0 else: self.log.exception( 'libvirt error code: {!r}'.format(e.get_error_code())) raise def get_cputime(self): '''Get total CPU time burned by this domain since start. :returns: CPU time usage [FIXME unit]. :rtype: FIXME ''' if self.libvirt_domain is None: return 0 if self.libvirt_domain is None: return 0 if not self.libvirt_domain.isActive(): return 0 try: if not self.libvirt_domain.isActive(): return 0 # this does not work, because libvirt # return self.libvirt_domain.getCPUStats( # libvirt.VIR_NODE_CPU_STATS_ALL_CPUS, 0)[0]['cpu_time']/10**9 return self.libvirt_domain.info()[4] except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() in ( # qube no longer exists libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN, # libxl_domain_info failed (race condition from isActive) libvirt.VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, ): return 0 else: self.log.exception( 'libvirt error code: {!r}'.format(e.get_error_code())) raise # XXX shouldn't this go only to vms that have root image? def get_disk_utilization_root_img(self): '''Get space that is actually ocuppied by :py:attr:`root_img`. Root image is a sparse file, so it is probably much less than logical available space. :returns: domain's real disk image size [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME .. seealso:: :py:meth:`get_root_img_sz` ''' return qubes.storage.get_disk_usage(self.root_img) # XXX shouldn't this go only to vms that have root image? def get_root_img_sz(self): '''Get image size of :py:attr:`root_img`. Root image is a sparse file, so it is probably much more than ocuppied physical space. :returns: domain's virtual disk size [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME .. seealso:: :py:meth:`get_disk_utilization_root_img` ''' if not os.path.exists(self.root_img): return 0 return os.path.getsize(self.root_img) def get_disk_utilization_private_img(self): '''Get space that is actually ocuppied by :py:attr:`private_img`. Private image is a sparse file, so it is probably much less than logical available space. :returns: domain's real disk image size [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME .. seealso:: :py:meth:`get_private_img_sz` ''' # pylint: disable=invalid-name return qubes.storage.get_disk_usage(self.private_img) def get_private_img_sz(self): '''Get image size of :py:attr:`private_img`. Private image is a sparse file, so it is probably much more than ocuppied physical space. :returns: domain's virtual disk size [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME .. seealso:: :py:meth:`get_disk_utilization_private_img` ''' return self.storage.get_private_img_sz() def get_disk_utilization(self): '''Return total space actually occuppied by all files belonging to \ this domain. :returns: domain's total disk usage [FIXME unit] :rtype: FIXME ''' return qubes.storage.get_disk_usage(self.dir_path) # TODO move to storage def verify_files(self): '''Verify that files accessed by this machine are sane. On success, returns normally. On failure, raises exception. ''' self.storage.verify_files() if not os.path.exists( os.path.join(self.storage.kernels_dir, 'vmlinuz')): raise qubes.exc.QubesException( 'VM kernel does not exist: {0}'.format( os.path.join(self.storage.kernels_dir, 'vmlinuz'))) if not os.path.exists( os.path.join(self.storage.kernels_dir, 'initramfs')): raise qubes.exc.QubesException( 'VM initramfs does not exist: {0}'.format( os.path.join(self.storage.kernels_dir, 'initramfs'))) self.fire_event('verify-files') return True # miscellanous def get_start_time(self): '''Tell when machine was started. :rtype: datetime.datetime ''' if not self.is_running(): return None # TODO shouldn't this be qubesdb? start_time = self.app.vmm.xs.read('', '/vm/{}/start_time'.format(self.uuid)) if start_time != '': return datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(float(start_time)) else: return None # XXX this probably should go to AppVM def is_outdated(self): '''Check whether domain needs restart to update root image from \ template. :returns: :py:obj:`True` if is outdated, :py:obj:`False` otherwise. :rtype: bool ''' # pylint: disable=no-member # Makes sense only on VM based on template if self.template is None: return False if not self.is_running(): return False if not hasattr(self.template, 'rootcow_img'): return False rootimg_inode = os.stat(self.template.root_img) try: rootcow_inode = os.stat(self.template.rootcow_img) except OSError: # The only case when rootcow_img doesn't exists is in the middle of # commit_changes, so VM is outdated right now return True current_dmdev = "/dev/mapper/snapshot-{0:x}:{1}-{2:x}:{3}".format( rootimg_inode[2], rootimg_inode[1], rootcow_inode[2], rootcow_inode[1]) # FIXME # 51712 (0xCA00) is xvda # backend node name not available through xenapi :( used_dmdev = self.app.vmm.xs.read('', '/local/domain/0/backend/vbd/{}/51712/node'.format(self.xid)) return used_dmdev != current_dmdev # # helper methods # def relative_path(self, path): '''Return path relative to py:attr:`dir_path`. :param str path: Path in question. :returns: Relative path. ''' return os.path.relpath(path, self.dir_path) def create_qdb_entries(self): '''Create entries in Qubes DB. ''' # pylint: disable=no-member self.qdb.write('/name', self.name) self.qdb.write('/type', self.__class__.__name__) self.qdb.write('/updateable', str(self.updateable)) self.qdb.write('/persistence', 'full' if self.updateable else 'rw-only') self.qdb.write('/debug', str(int(self.debug))) try: self.qdb.write('/template', self.template.name) except AttributeError: self.qdb.write('/template', '') self.qdb.write('/random-seed', base64.b64encode(qubes.utils.urandom(64))) if self.provides_network: self.qdb.write('/network-provider/gateway', self.gateway) self.qdb.write('/network-provider/netmask', self.netmask) for i, addr in zip(itertools.count(start=1), self.dns): self.qdb.write('/network-provider/dns-{}'.format(i), addr) if self.netvm is not None: self.qdb.write('/network/ip', self.ip) self.qdb.write('/network/netmask', self.netvm.netmask) self.qdb.write('/network/gateway', self.netvm.gateway) for i, addr in zip(itertools.count(start=1), self.dns): self.qdb.write('/network/dns-{}'.format(i), addr) tzname = qubes.utils.get_timezone() if tzname: self.qdb.write('/timezone', tzname) for srv in self.services.keys(): # convert True/False to "1"/"0" self.qdb.write('/qubes-service/{0}'.format(srv), str(int(self.services[srv]))) self.qdb.write('/devices/block', '') self.qdb.write('/devices/usb', '') # TODO: Currently the whole qmemman is quite Xen-specific, so stay with # xenstore for it until decided otherwise if qmemman_present: self.app.vmm.xs.set_permissions('', '/local/domain/{}/memory'.format(self.xid), [{'dom': self.xid}]) self.fire_event('qdb-created') def _update_libvirt_domain(self): '''Re-initialise :py:attr:`libvirt_domain`.''' domain_config = self.create_config_file() try: self._libvirt_domain = self.app.vmm.libvirt_conn.defineXML( domain_config) except libvirt.libvirtError as e: if e.get_error_code() == libvirt.VIR_ERR_OS_TYPE \ and e.get_str2() == 'hvm': raise qubes.exc.QubesVMError(self, 'HVM qubes are not supported on this machine. ' 'Check BIOS settings for VT-x/AMD-V extensions.') else: raise # # workshop -- those are to be reworked later # def get_prefmem(self): # TODO: qmemman is still xen specific untrusted_meminfo_key = self.app.vmm.xs.read('', '/local/domain/{}/memory/meminfo'.format(self.xid)) if untrusted_meminfo_key is None or untrusted_meminfo_key == '': return 0 domain = qubes.qmemman.DomainState(self.xid) qubes.qmemman.algo.refresh_meminfo_for_domain( domain, untrusted_meminfo_key) domain.memory_maximum = self.get_mem_static_max() * 1024 return qubes.qmemman.algo.prefmem(domain) / 1024 # # landfill -- those are unneeded # # attrs = { # XXX probably will be obsoleted by .events_enabled # "_do_not_reset_firewall": { "func": lambda x: False }, # "_start_guid_first": { "func": lambda x: False }, # } # this function appears unused # def _cleanup_zombie_domains(self): # """ # This function is workaround broken libxl (which leaves not fully # created domain on failure) and vchan on domain crash behaviour # @return: None # """ # xc = self.get_xc_dominfo() # if xc and xc['dying'] == 1: # # GUID still running? # guid_pidfile = '/var/run/qubes/guid-running.%d' % xc['domid'] # if os.path.exists(guid_pidfile): # guid_pid = open(guid_pidfile).read().strip() # os.kill(int(guid_pid), 15) # # qrexec still running? # if self.is_qrexec_running(): # #TODO: kill qrexec daemon # pass