core-admin/tests/vm_qrexec_gui.py

#!/usr/bin/python
# vim: fileencoding=utf-8

#
# The Qubes OS Project, https://www.qubes-os.org/
#
# Copyright (C) 2014-2015
#                   Marek Marczykowski-Górecki <marmarek@invisiblethingslab.com>
# Copyright (C) 2015  Wojtek Porczyk <woju@invisiblethingslab.com>
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
# with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
# 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
#
from distutils import spawn

import multiprocessing
import os
import subprocess
import unittest
import time

from qubes.qubes import QubesVmCollection, defaults, QubesException

import qubes.tests

TEST_DATA = "0123456789" * 1024

class TC_00_AppVMMixin(qubes.tests.SystemTestsMixin):
    def setUp(self):
        super(TC_00_AppVMMixin, self).setUp()
        self.testvm1 = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesAppVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('vm1'),
            template=self.qc.get_vm_by_name(self.template))
        self.testvm1.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.testvm2 = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesAppVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('vm2'),
            template=self.qc.get_vm_by_name(self.template))
        self.testvm2.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.qc.save()
        self.qc.unlock_db()


    def test_000_start_shutdown(self):
        self.testvm1.start()
        self.assertEquals(self.testvm1.get_power_state(), "Running")
        self.testvm1.shutdown()

        shutdown_counter = 0
        while self.testvm1.is_running():
            if shutdown_counter > defaults["shutdown_counter_max"]:
                self.fail("VM hanged during shutdown")
            shutdown_counter += 1
            time.sleep(1)
        time.sleep(1)
        self.assertEquals(self.testvm1.get_power_state(), "Halted")


    @unittest.skipUnless(spawn.find_executable('xdotool'),
                         "xdotool not installed")
    def test_010_run_gui_app(self):
        self.testvm1.start()
        self.assertEquals(self.testvm1.get_power_state(), "Running")
        self.testvm1.run("gnome-terminal")
        wait_count = 0
        while subprocess.call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', 'user@%s' %
                self.testvm1.name], stdout=open(os.path.devnull, 'w'),
                              stderr=subprocess.STDOUT) > 0:
            wait_count += 1
            if wait_count > 100:
                self.fail("Timeout while waiting for gnome-terminal window")
            time.sleep(0.1)

        time.sleep(0.5)
        subprocess.check_call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', 'user@%s' %
                self.testvm1.name, 'windowactivate', 'type', 'exit\n'])

        wait_count = 0
        while subprocess.call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', 'user@%s' %
                self.testvm1.name], stdout=open(os.path.devnull, 'w'),
                              stderr=subprocess.STDOUT) == 0:
            wait_count += 1
            if wait_count > 100:
                self.fail("Timeout while waiting for gnome-terminal "
                          "termination")
            time.sleep(0.1)


    def test_050_qrexec_simple_eof(self):
        """Test for data and EOF transmission dom0->VM"""
        result = multiprocessing.Value('i', 0)
        def run(self, result):
            p = self.testvm1.run("cat", passio_popen=True,
                            passio_stderr=True)

            (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate(TEST_DATA)
            if stdout != TEST_DATA:
                result.value = 1
            if len(stderr) > 0:
                result.value = 2

        self.testvm1.start()

        t = multiprocessing.Process(target=run, args=(self, result))
        t.start()
        t.join(timeout=10)
        if t.is_alive():
            t.terminate()
            self.fail("Timeout, probably EOF wasn't transferred to the VM "
                      "process")
        if result.value == 1:
            self.fail("Received data differs from what was sent")
        elif result.value == 2:
            self.fail("Some data was printed to stderr")


    def test_051_qrexec_simple_eof_reverse(self):
        """Test for EOF transmission VM->dom0"""
        result = multiprocessing.Value('i', 0)
        def run(self, result):
            p = self.testvm1.run("echo test; exec >&-; cat > /dev/null",
                                 passio_popen=True, passio_stderr=True)
            # this will hang on test failure
            stdout = p.stdout.read()
            p.stdin.write(TEST_DATA)
            p.stdin.close()
            if stdout.strip() != "test":
                result.value = 1
            # this may hang in some buggy cases
            elif len(p.stderr.read()) > 0:
                result.value = 2
            elif p.poll() is None:
                time.sleep(1)
                if p.poll() is None:
                    result.value = 3

        self.testvm1.start()

        t = multiprocessing.Process(target=run, args=(self, result))
        t.start()
        t.join(timeout=10)
        if t.is_alive():
            t.terminate()
            self.fail("Timeout, probably EOF wasn't transferred from the VM "
                      "process")
        if result.value == 1:
            self.fail("Received data differs from what was expected")
        elif result.value == 2:
            self.fail("Some data was printed to stderr")
        elif result.value == 3:
            self.fail("VM proceess didn't terminated on EOF")


    def test_052_qrexec_vm_service_eof(self):
        """Test for EOF transmission VM(src)->VM(dst)"""
        result = multiprocessing.Value('i', 0)
        def run(self, result):
            p = self.testvm1.run("/usr/lib/qubes/qrexec-client-vm %s test.EOF "
                                 "/bin/sh -c 'echo test; exec >&-; cat "
                                 ">&$SAVED_FD_1'" % self.testvm2.name,
                                 passio_popen=True)
            (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
            if stdout != "test\n":
                result.value = 1

        self.testvm1.start()
        self.testvm2.start()
        p = self.testvm2.run("cat > /etc/qubes-rpc/test.EOF", user="root",
                             passio_popen=True)
        p.stdin.write("/bin/cat")
        p.stdin.close()
        p.wait()
        policy = open("/etc/qubes-rpc/policy/test.EOF", "w")
        policy.write("%s %s allow" % (self.testvm1.name, self.testvm2.name))
        policy.close()
        self.addCleanup(os.unlink, "/etc/qubes-rpc/policy/test.EOF")

        t = multiprocessing.Process(target=run, args=(self, result))
        t.start()
        t.join(timeout=10)
        if t.is_alive():
            t.terminate()
            self.fail("Timeout, probably EOF wasn't transferred")
        if result.value == 1:
            self.fail("Received data differs from what was expected")


    @unittest.expectedFailure
    def test_053_qrexec_vm_service_eof_reverse(self):
        """Test for EOF transmission VM(src)<-VM(dst)"""
        result = multiprocessing.Value('i', 0)
        def run(self, result):
            p = self.testvm1.run("/usr/lib/qubes/qrexec-client-vm %s test.EOF "
                                 "/bin/sh -c 'cat >&$SAVED_FD_1'"
                                 % self.testvm1.name,
                                 passio_popen=True)
            (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
            if stdout != "test\n":
                result.value = 1

        self.testvm1.start()
        self.testvm2.start()
        p = self.testvm2.run("cat > /etc/qubes-rpc/test.EOF", user="root",
                             passio_popen=True)
        p.stdin.write("echo test; exec >&-; cat >/dev/null")
        p.stdin.close()
        p.wait()
        policy = open("/etc/qubes-rpc/policy/test.EOF", "w")
        policy.write("%s %s allow" % (self.testvm1.name, self.testvm2.name))
        policy.close()
        self.addCleanup(os.unlink, "/etc/qubes-rpc/policy/test.EOF")

        t = multiprocessing.Process(target=run, args=(self, result))
        t.start()
        t.join(timeout=10)
        if t.is_alive():
            t.terminate()
            self.fail("Timeout, probably EOF wasn't transferred")
        if result.value == 1:
            self.fail("Received data differs from what was expected")


    def test_060_qrexec_exit_code_dom0(self):
        self.testvm1.start()

        p = self.testvm1.run("exit 0", passio_popen=True)
        p.wait()
        self.assertEqual(0, p.returncode)

        p = self.testvm1.run("exit 3", passio_popen=True)
        p.wait()
        self.assertEqual(3, p.returncode)


    @unittest.expectedFailure
    def test_065_qrexec_exit_code_vm(self):
        self.testvm1.start()
        self.testvm2.start()

        policy = open("/etc/qubes-rpc/policy/test.Retcode", "w")
        policy.write("%s %s allow" % (self.testvm1.name, self.testvm2.name))
        policy.close()
        self.addCleanup(os.unlink, "/etc/qubes-rpc/policy/test.Retcode")

        p = self.testvm2.run("cat > /etc/qubes-rpc/test.Retcode", user="root",
                             passio_popen=True)
        p.stdin.write("exit 0")
        p.stdin.close()
        p.wait()

        p = self.testvm1.run("/usr/lib/qubes/qrexec-client-vm %s test.Retcode "
                             "/bin/sh -c 'cat >/dev/null'; echo $?"
                             % self.testvm1.name,
                             passio_popen=True)
        (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
        self.assertEqual(stdout, "0\n")

        p = self.testvm2.run("cat > /etc/qubes-rpc/test.Retcode", user="root",
                             passio_popen=True)
        p.stdin.write("exit 3")
        p.stdin.close()
        p.wait()

        p = self.testvm1.run("/usr/lib/qubes/qrexec-client-vm %s test.Retcode "
                             "/bin/sh -c 'cat >/dev/null'; echo $?"
                             % self.testvm1.name,
                             passio_popen=True)
        (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate()
        self.assertEqual(stdout, "3\n")


    @unittest.skipUnless(spawn.find_executable('xdotool'),
                         "xdotool not installed")
    def test_100_qrexec_filecopy(self):
        self.testvm1.start()
        self.testvm2.start()
        p = self.testvm1.run("qvm-copy-to-vm %s /etc/passwd" %
                            self.testvm2.name, passio_popen=True,
                            passio_stderr=True)
        # Confirm transfer
        subprocess.check_call(['xdotool', 'search', '--sync', '--name', 'Question',
                             'key', 'y'])
        p.wait()
        self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 0, "qvm-copy-to-vm failed: %s" %
                         p.stderr.read())
        retcode = self.testvm2.run("diff /etc/passwd "
                         "/home/user/QubesIncoming/%s/passwd" % self.testvm1.name, wait=True)
        self.assertEqual(retcode, 0, "file differs")


    @unittest.skipUnless(spawn.find_executable('xdotool'),
                         "xdotool not installed")
    def test_110_qrexec_filecopy_deny(self):
        self.testvm1.start()
        self.testvm2.start()
        p = self.testvm1.run("qvm-copy-to-vm %s /etc/passwd" %
                            self.testvm2.name, passio_popen=True)
        # Deny transfer
        subprocess.check_call(['xdotool', 'search', '--sync', '--name', 'Question',
                             'key', 'n'])
        p.wait()
        self.assertNotEqual(p.returncode, 0, "qvm-copy-to-vm unexpectedly "
                                          "succeeded")
        retcode = self.testvm1.run("ls /home/user/QubesIncoming/%s" %
                                  self.testvm1.name, wait=True,
                                  ignore_stderr=True)
        self.assertNotEqual(retcode, 0, "QubesIncoming exists although file "
                                      "copy was "
                                     "denied")

    @unittest.skip("Xen gntalloc driver crashes when page is mapped in the "
                   "same domain")
    @unittest.skipUnless(spawn.find_executable('xdotool'),
                         "xdotool not installed")
    def test_120_qrexec_filecopy_self(self):
        self.testvm1.start()
        p = self.testvm1.run("qvm-copy-to-vm %s /etc/passwd" %
                            self.testvm1.name, passio_popen=True,
                            passio_stderr=True)
        # Confirm transfer
        subprocess.check_call(['xdotool', 'search', '--sync', '--name', 'Question',
                             'key', 'y'])
        p.wait()
        self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 0, "qvm-copy-to-vm failed: %s" %
                         p.stderr.read())
        retcode = self.testvm1.run("diff /etc/passwd "
                         "/home/user/QubesIncoming/%s/passwd" % self.testvm1.name, wait=True)
        self.assertEqual(retcode, 0, "file differs")


class TC_10_HVM(qubes.tests.SystemTestsMixin, qubes.tests.QubesTestCase):
    # TODO: test with some OS inside
    # TODO: windows tools tests

    def test_000_create_start(self):
        self.testvm1 = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesHVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('vm1'))
        self.testvm1.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.qc.save()
        self.qc.unlock_db()
        self.testvm1.start()
        self.assertEquals(self.testvm1.get_power_state(), "Running")

    def test_010_create_start_template(self):
        self.templatevm = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesTemplateHVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('template'))
        self.templatevm.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.qc.save()
        self.qc.unlock_db()

        self.templatevm.start()
        self.assertEquals(self.templatevm.get_power_state(), "Running")

    def test_020_create_start_template_vm(self):
        self.templatevm = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesTemplateHVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('template'))
        self.templatevm.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.testvm2 = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesHVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('vm2'),
            template=self.templatevm)
        self.testvm2.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.qc.save()
        self.qc.unlock_db()

        self.testvm2.start()
        self.assertEquals(self.testvm2.get_power_state(), "Running")

    def test_030_prevent_simultaneus_start(self):
        self.templatevm = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesTemplateHVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('template'))
        self.templatevm.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.testvm2 = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesHVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('vm2'),
            template=self.templatevm)
        self.testvm2.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.qc.save()
        self.qc.unlock_db()

        self.templatevm.start()
        self.assertEquals(self.templatevm.get_power_state(), "Running")
        self.assertRaises(QubesException, self.testvm2.start)
        self.templatevm.force_shutdown()
        self.testvm2.start()
        self.assertEquals(self.testvm2.get_power_state(), "Running")
        self.assertRaises(QubesException, self.templatevm.start)


class TC_20_DispVMMixin(qubes.tests.SystemTestsMixin):
    def test_000_prepare_dvm(self):
        self.qc.unlock_db()
        retcode = subprocess.call(['/usr/bin/qvm-create-default-dvm',
                                   self.template],
                                  stderr=open(os.devnull, 'w'))
        self.assertEqual(retcode, 0)
        self.qc.lock_db_for_writing()
        self.qc.load()
        self.assertIsNotNone(self.qc.get_vm_by_name(
            self.template + "-dvm"))
        # TODO: check mtime of snapshot file

    def test_010_simple_dvm_run(self):
        self.qc.unlock_db()
        p = subprocess.Popen(['/usr/lib/qubes/qfile-daemon-dvm',
                              'qubes.VMShell', 'dom0', 'DEFAULT'],
                             stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
                             stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                             stderr=open(os.devnull, 'w'))
        (stdout, _) = p.communicate(input="echo test")
        self.assertEqual(stdout, "test\n")
        # TODO: check if DispVM is destroyed


    @unittest.skipUnless(spawn.find_executable('xdotool'),
                         "xdotool not installed")
    def test_020_gui_app(self):
        self.qc.unlock_db()
        p = subprocess.Popen(['/usr/lib/qubes/qfile-daemon-dvm',
                              'qubes.VMShell', 'dom0', 'DEFAULT'],
                             stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
                             stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                             stderr=open(os.devnull, 'w'))

        # wait for DispVM startup:
        p.stdin.write("echo test\n")
        p.stdin.flush()
        l = p.stdout.readline()
        self.assertEqual(l, "test\n")

        # potential race condition, but our tests are supposed to be
        # running on dedicated machine, so should not be a problem
        self.qc.lock_db_for_reading()
        self.qc.load()
        self.qc.unlock_db()

        max_qid = 0
        for vm in self.qc.values():
            if not vm.is_disposablevm():
                continue
            if vm.qid > max_qid:
                max_qid = vm.qid
        dispvm = self.qc[max_qid]
        self.assertNotEqual(dispvm.qid, 0, "DispVM not found in qubes.xml")
        self.assertTrue(dispvm.is_running())

        window_title = 'user@%s' % (dispvm.template.name + "-dvm")
        p.stdin.write("gnome-terminal -e "
                      "\"sh -s -c 'echo \\\"\033]0;{}\007\\\"'\"\n".
                      format(window_title))
        wait_count = 0
        while subprocess.call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', window_title],
                              stdout=open(os.path.devnull, 'w'),
                              stderr=subprocess.STDOUT) > 0:
            wait_count += 1
            if wait_count > 100:
                self.fail("Timeout while waiting for gnome-terminal window")
            time.sleep(0.1)

        time.sleep(0.5)
        subprocess.check_call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', window_title,
                              'windowactivate', 'type', 'exit\n'])

        wait_count = 0
        while subprocess.call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', window_title],
                              stdout=open(os.path.devnull, 'w'),
                              stderr=subprocess.STDOUT) == 0:
            wait_count += 1
            if wait_count > 100:
                self.fail("Timeout while waiting for gnome-terminal "
                          "termination")
            time.sleep(0.1)

        p.stdin.close()

        wait_count = 0
        while dispvm.is_running():
            wait_count += 1
            if wait_count > 100:
                self.fail("Timeout while waiting for DispVM destruction")
            time.sleep(0.1)
        wait_count = 0
        while p.poll() is None:
            wait_count += 1
            if wait_count > 100:
                self.fail("Timeout while waiting for qfile-daemon-dvm "
                          "termination")
            time.sleep(0.1)
        self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 0)

        self.qc.lock_db_for_reading()
        self.qc.load()
        self.qc.unlock_db()
        self.assertIsNone(self.qc.get_vm_by_name(dispvm.name),
                          "DispVM not removed from qubes.xml")

    def _handle_editor(self, winid):
        (window_title, _) = subprocess.Popen(
            ['xdotool', 'getwindowname', winid], stdout=subprocess.PIPE).\
            communicate()
        window_title = window_title.strip().\
            replace('(', '\(').replace(')', '\)')
        time.sleep(1)
        if "gedit" in window_title:
            subprocess.check_call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', window_title,
                                   'windowactivate', 'type', 'test test 2\n'])
            time.sleep(0.5)
            subprocess.check_call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', window_title,
                                   'key', 'ctrl+s', 'ctrl+q'])
        elif "emacs" in window_title:
            subprocess.check_call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', window_title,
                                   'windowactivate', 'type', 'test test 2\n'])
            time.sleep(0.5)
            subprocess.check_call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', window_title,
                                   'key', 'ctrl+x', 'ctrl+s'])
            subprocess.check_call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', window_title,
                                   'key', 'ctrl+x', 'ctrl+c'])
        elif "vim" in window_title:
            subprocess.check_call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', window_title,
                                   'windowactivate', 'key', 'i',
                                   'type', 'test test 2\n'])
            subprocess.check_call(
                ['xdotool', 'search', '--name', window_title,
                 'key', 'Escape', 'colon', 'w', 'q', 'Return'])
        else:
            self.fail("Unknown editor window: {}".format(window_title))

    @unittest.skipUnless(spawn.find_executable('xdotool'),
                         "xdotool not installed")
    def test_030_edit_file(self):
        self.testvm1 = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesAppVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('vm1'),
            template=self.qc.get_vm_by_name(self.template))
        self.testvm1.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.qc.save()

        self.testvm1.start()
        self.testvm1.run("echo test1 > /home/user/test.txt", wait=True)

        self.qc.unlock_db()
        p = self.testvm1.run("qvm-open-in-dvm /home/user/test.txt",
                         passio_popen=True)

        wait_count = 0
        winid = None
        while True:
            search = subprocess.Popen(['xdotool', 'search',
                                       '--onlyvisible', '--class', 'disp*'],
                              stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                              stderr=open(os.path.devnull, 'w'))
            retcode = search.wait()
            if retcode == 0:
                winid = search.stdout.read().strip()
                break
            wait_count += 1
            if wait_count > 100:
                self.fail("Timeout while waiting for editor window")
            time.sleep(0.3)

        self._handle_editor(winid)
        p.wait()
        p = self.testvm1.run("cat /home/user/test.txt",
                         passio_popen=True)
        (test_txt_content, _) = p.communicate()
        self.assertEqual(test_txt_content, "test test 2\ntest1\n")

class TC_30_Gui_daemon(qubes.tests.SystemTestsMixin, qubes.tests.QubesTestCase):
    @unittest.skipUnless(spawn.find_executable('xdotool'),
                         "xdotool not installed")
    def test_000_clipboard(self):
        self.testvm1 = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesAppVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('vm1'),
            template=self.qc.get_default_template())
        self.testvm1.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.testvm2 = self.qc.add_new_vm("QubesAppVm",
            name=self.make_vm_name('vm2'),
            template=self.qc.get_default_template())
        self.testvm2.create_on_disk(verbose=False)
        self.qc.save()
        self.qc.unlock_db()

        self.testvm1.start()
        self.testvm2.start()

        window_title = 'user@{}'.format(self.testvm1.name)
        self.testvm1.run('zenity --text-info --editable --title={}'.format(
            window_title))

        wait_count = 0
        while subprocess.call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', window_title],
                              stdout=open(os.path.devnull, 'w'),
                              stderr=subprocess.STDOUT) > 0:
            wait_count += 1
            if wait_count > 100:
                self.fail("Timeout while waiting for text-info window")
            time.sleep(0.1)

        time.sleep(0.5)
        test_string = "test{}".format(self.testvm1.xid)

        # Type and copy some text
        subprocess.check_call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', window_title,
                              'windowactivate',
                              'type', '{}'.format(test_string)])
        # second xdotool call because type --terminator do not work (SEGV)
        # additionally do not use search here, so window stack will be empty
        # and xdotool will use XTEST instead of generating events manually -
        # this will be much better - at least because events will have
        # correct timestamp (so gui-daemon would not drop the copy request)
        subprocess.check_call(['xdotool',
                              'key', 'ctrl+a', 'ctrl+c', 'ctrl+shift+c',
                              'Escape'])

        clipboard_content = \
            open('/var/run/qubes/qubes-clipboard.bin', 'r').read().strip()
        self.assertEquals(clipboard_content, test_string,
                          "Clipboard copy operation failed - content")
        clipboard_source = \
            open('/var/run/qubes/qubes-clipboard.bin.source', 'r').read().strip()
        self.assertEquals(clipboard_source, self.testvm1.name,
                          "Clipboard copy operation failed - owner")

        # Then paste it to the other window
        window_title = 'user@{}'.format(self.testvm2.name)
        self.testvm1.run('zenity --entry --title={} > test.txt'.format(
            window_title))
        wait_count = 0
        while subprocess.call(['xdotool', 'search', '--name', window_title],
                              stdout=open(os.path.devnull, 'w'),
                              stderr=subprocess.STDOUT) > 0:
            wait_count += 1
            if wait_count > 100:
                self.fail("Timeout while waiting for input window")
            time.sleep(0.1)

        subprocess.check_call(['xdotool', 'key', '--delay', '100',
                               'ctrl+shift+v', 'ctrl+v', 'Return'])
        time.sleep(0.5)

        # And compare the result
        (test_output, _) = self.testvm2.run('cat test.txt',
                                            passio_popen=True).communicate()
        self.assertEquals(test_string, test_output.strip())

        clipboard_content = \
            open('/var/run/qubes/qubes-clipboard.bin', 'r').read().strip()
        self.assertEquals(clipboard_content, "",
                          "Clipboard not wiped after paste - content")
        clipboard_source = \
            open('/var/run/qubes/qubes-clipboard.bin.source', 'r').read(

            ).strip()
        self.assertEquals(clipboard_source, "",
                          "Clipboard not wiped after paste - owner")


def load_tests(loader, tests, pattern):
    try:
        qc = qubes.qubes.QubesVmCollection()
        qc.lock_db_for_reading()
        qc.load()
        qc.unlock_db()
        templates = [vm.name for vm in qc.values() if
                     isinstance(vm, qubes.qubes.QubesTemplateVm)]
    except OSError:
        templates = []
    for template in templates:
        tests.addTests(loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(
            type(
                'TC_00_AppVM_' + template,
                (TC_00_AppVMMixin, qubes.tests.QubesTestCase),
                {'template': template})))

        tests.addTests(loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(
            type(
                'TC_20_DispVM_' + template,
                (TC_20_DispVMMixin, qubes.tests.QubesTestCase),
                {'template': template})))

    return tests