core-agent-linux/qubesagent/firewall.py
Marek Marczykowski-Górecki 57a3c2d67e
network: have safe fallback in case of qubes-firewall crash/error
When qubes-firewall service is started, modify firewall to have "DROP"
policy, so if something goes wrong, no data got leaked.
But keep default action "ACCEPT" in case of legitimate service stop, or
not starting it at all - because one may choose to not use this service
at all.
Achieve this by adding "DROP" rule at the end of QBS-FIREWALL chain and
keep it there while qubes-firewall service is running.

Fixes QubesOS/qubes-issues#3269
2017-11-20 01:56:14 +01:00

581 lines
20 KiB
Python
Executable File

#!/usr/bin/python2 -O
# vim: fileencoding=utf-8
#
# The Qubes OS Project, https://www.qubes-os.org/
#
# Copyright (C) 2016
# Marek Marczykowski-Górecki <marmarek@invisiblethingslab.com>
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
# with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
# 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
#
import logging
import os
import socket
import subprocess
from distutils import spawn
import daemon
import qubesdb
import sys
import signal
class RuleParseError(Exception):
pass
class RuleApplyError(Exception):
pass
class FirewallWorker(object):
def __init__(self):
self.terminate_requested = False
self.qdb = qubesdb.QubesDB()
self.log = logging.getLogger('qubes.firewall')
self.log.addHandler(logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr))
def init(self):
'''Create appropriate chains/tables'''
raise NotImplementedError
def cleanup(self):
'''Remove tables/chains - reverse work done by init'''
raise NotImplementedError
def apply_rules(self, source_addr, rules):
'''Apply rules in given source address'''
raise NotImplementedError
def read_rules(self, target):
'''Read rules from QubesDB and return them as a list of dicts'''
entries = self.qdb.multiread('/qubes-firewall/{}/'.format(target))
assert isinstance(entries, dict)
# drop full path
entries = dict(((k.split('/')[3], v) for k, v in entries.items()))
if 'policy' not in entries:
raise RuleParseError('No \'policy\' defined')
policy = entries.pop('policy')
rules = []
for ruleno, rule in sorted(entries.items()):
if len(ruleno) != 4 or not ruleno.isdigit():
raise RuleParseError(
'Unexpected non-rule found: {}={}'.format(ruleno, rule))
rule_dict = dict(elem.split('=') for elem in rule.split(' '))
if 'action' not in rule_dict:
raise RuleParseError('Rule \'{}\' lack action'.format(rule))
rules.append(rule_dict)
rules.append({'action': policy})
return rules
def list_targets(self):
return set(t.split('/')[2] for t in self.qdb.list('/qubes-firewall/'))
@staticmethod
def is_ip6(addr):
return addr.count(':') > 0
def log_error(self, msg):
self.log.error(msg)
subprocess.call(
['notify-send', '-t', '3000', msg],
env=os.environ.copy().update({'DISPLAY': ':0'})
)
def handle_addr(self, addr):
try:
rules = self.read_rules(addr)
self.apply_rules(addr, rules)
except RuleParseError as e:
self.log_error(
'Failed to parse rules for {} ({}), blocking traffic'.format(
addr, str(e)
))
self.apply_rules(addr, [{'action': 'drop'}])
except RuleApplyError as e:
self.log_error(
'Failed to apply rules for {} ({}), blocking traffic'.format(
addr, str(e))
)
# retry with fallback rules
try:
self.apply_rules(addr, [{'action': 'drop'}])
except RuleApplyError:
self.log_error(
'Failed to block traffic for {}'.format(addr))
@staticmethod
def dns_addresses(family=None):
with open('/etc/resolv.conf') as resolv:
for line in resolv.readlines():
line = line.strip()
if line.startswith('nameserver'):
if line.count('.') == 3 and (family or 4) == 4:
yield line.split(' ')[1]
elif line.count(':') and (family or 6) == 6:
yield line.split(' ')[1]
def main(self):
self.terminate_requested = False
self.init()
# initial load
for source_addr in self.list_targets():
self.handle_addr(source_addr)
self.qdb.watch('/qubes-firewall/')
try:
for watch_path in iter(self.qdb.read_watch, None):
# ignore writing rules itself - wait for final write at
# source_addr level empty write (/qubes-firewall/SOURCE_ADDR)
if watch_path.count('/') > 2:
continue
source_addr = watch_path.split('/')[2]
self.handle_addr(source_addr)
except OSError: # EINTR
# signal received, don't continue the loop
pass
self.cleanup()
def terminate(self):
self.terminate_requested = True
class IptablesWorker(FirewallWorker):
supported_rule_opts = ['action', 'proto', 'dst4', 'dst6', 'dsthost',
'dstports', 'specialtarget', 'icmptype']
def __init__(self):
super(IptablesWorker, self).__init__()
self.chains = {
4: set(),
6: set(),
}
@staticmethod
def chain_for_addr(addr):
'''Generate iptables chain name for given source address address'''
return 'qbs-' + addr.replace('.', '-').replace(':', '-')
def run_ipt(self, family, args, **kwargs):
# pylint: disable=no-self-use
if family == 6:
subprocess.check_call(['ip6tables'] + args, **kwargs)
else:
subprocess.check_call(['iptables'] + args, **kwargs)
def run_ipt_restore(self, family, args):
# pylint: disable=no-self-use
if family == 6:
return subprocess.Popen(['ip6tables-restore'] + args,
stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
else:
return subprocess.Popen(['iptables-restore'] + args,
stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
def create_chain(self, addr, chain, family):
'''
Create iptables chain and hook traffic coming from `addr` to it.
:param addr: source IP from which traffic should be handled by the
chain
:param chain: name of the chain to create
:param family: address family (4 or 6)
:return: None
'''
self.run_ipt(family, ['-N', chain])
self.run_ipt(family,
['-I', 'QBS-FORWARD', '-s', addr, '-j', chain])
self.chains[family].add(chain)
def prepare_rules(self, chain, rules, family):
'''
Helper function to translate rules list into input for iptables-restore
:param chain: name of the chain to put rules into
:param rules: list of rules
:param family: address family (4 or 6)
:return: input for iptables-restore
:rtype: str
'''
iptables = "*filter\n"
fullmask = '/128' if family == 6 else '/32'
dns = list(addr + fullmask for addr in self.dns_addresses(family))
for rule in rules:
unsupported_opts = set(rule.keys()).difference(
set(self.supported_rule_opts))
if unsupported_opts:
raise RuleParseError(
'Unsupported rule option(s): {!s}'.format(unsupported_opts))
if 'dst4' in rule and family == 6:
raise RuleParseError('IPv4 rule found for IPv6 address')
if 'dst6' in rule and family == 4:
raise RuleParseError('dst6 rule found for IPv4 address')
if 'proto' in rule:
protos = [rule['proto']]
else:
protos = None
if 'dst4' in rule:
dsthosts = [rule['dst4']]
elif 'dst6' in rule:
dsthosts = [rule['dst6']]
elif 'dsthost' in rule:
addrinfo = socket.getaddrinfo(rule['dsthost'], None,
(socket.AF_INET6 if family == 6 else socket.AF_INET))
dsthosts = set(item[4][0] + fullmask for item in addrinfo)
else:
dsthosts = None
if 'dstports' in rule:
dstports = rule['dstports'].replace('-', ':')
else:
dstports = None
if rule.get('specialtarget', None) == 'dns':
if dstports not in ('53:53', None):
continue
else:
dstports = '53:53'
if not dns:
continue
if protos is not None:
protos = {'tcp', 'udp'}.intersection(protos)
else:
protos = {'tcp', 'udp'}
if dsthosts is not None:
dsthosts = set(dns).intersection(dsthosts)
else:
dsthosts = dns
if 'icmptype' in rule:
icmptype = rule['icmptype']
else:
icmptype = None
# make them iterable
if protos is None:
protos = [None]
if dsthosts is None:
dsthosts = [None]
# sorting here is only to ease writing tests
for proto in sorted(protos):
for dsthost in sorted(dsthosts):
ipt_rule = '-A {}'.format(chain)
if dsthost is not None:
ipt_rule += ' -d {}'.format(dsthost)
if proto is not None:
ipt_rule += ' -p {}'.format(proto)
if dstports is not None:
ipt_rule += ' --dport {}'.format(dstports)
if icmptype is not None:
ipt_rule += ' --icmp-type {}'.format(icmptype)
ipt_rule += ' -j {}\n'.format(
str(rule['action']).upper())
iptables += ipt_rule
iptables += 'COMMIT\n'
return iptables
def apply_rules_family(self, source, rules, family):
'''
Apply rules for given source address.
Handle only rules for given address family (IPv4 or IPv6).
:param source: source address
:param rules: rules list
:param family: address family, either 4 or 6
:return: None
'''
chain = self.chain_for_addr(source)
if chain not in self.chains[family]:
self.create_chain(source, chain, family)
iptables = self.prepare_rules(chain, rules, family)
try:
self.run_ipt(family, ['-F', chain])
p = self.run_ipt_restore(family, ['-n'])
(output, _) = p.communicate(iptables)
if p.returncode != 0:
raise RuleApplyError(
'iptables-restore failed: {}'.format(output))
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
raise RuleApplyError('\'iptables -F {}\' failed: {}'.format(
chain, e.output))
def apply_rules(self, source, rules):
if self.is_ip6(source):
self.apply_rules_family(source, rules, 6)
else:
self.apply_rules_family(source, rules, 4)
def init(self):
# make sure 'QBS_FORWARD' chain exists - should be created before
# starting qubes-firewall
try:
self.run_ipt(4, ['-F', 'QBS-FORWARD'])
self.run_ipt(4, ['-A', 'QBS-FORWARD', '-j', 'DROP'])
self.run_ipt(6, ['-F', 'QBS-FORWARD'])
self.run_ipt(6, ['-A', 'QBS-FORWARD', '-j', 'DROP'])
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
self.log_error('\'QBS-FORWARD\' chain not found, create it first')
sys.exit(1)
def cleanup(self):
for family in (4, 6):
self.run_ipt(family, ['-F', 'QBS-FORWARD'])
for chain in self.chains[family]:
self.run_ipt(family, ['-F', chain])
self.run_ipt(family, ['-X', chain])
class NftablesWorker(FirewallWorker):
supported_rule_opts = ['action', 'proto', 'dst4', 'dst6', 'dsthost',
'dstports', 'specialtarget', 'icmptype']
def __init__(self):
super(NftablesWorker, self).__init__()
self.chains = {
4: set(),
6: set(),
}
@staticmethod
def chain_for_addr(addr):
'''Generate iptables chain name for given source address address'''
return 'qbs-' + addr.replace('.', '-').replace(':', '-')
def run_nft(self, nft_input):
# pylint: disable=no-self-use
p = subprocess.Popen(['nft', '-f', '/dev/stdin'],
stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
stdout, _ = p.communicate(nft_input)
if p.returncode != 0:
raise RuleApplyError('nft failed: {}'.format(stdout))
def create_chain(self, addr, chain, family):
'''
Create iptables chain and hook traffic coming from `addr` to it.
:param addr: source IP from which traffic should be handled by the
chain
:param chain: name of the chain to create
:param family: address family (4 or 6)
:return: None
'''
nft_input = (
'table {family} {table} {{\n'
' chain {chain} {{\n'
' }}\n'
' chain forward {{\n'
' {family} saddr {ip} jump {chain}\n'
' }}\n'
'}}\n'.format(
family=("ip6" if family == 6 else "ip"),
table='qubes-firewall',
chain=chain,
ip=addr,
)
)
self.run_nft(nft_input)
self.chains[family].add(chain)
def prepare_rules(self, chain, rules, family):
'''
Helper function to translate rules list into input for iptables-restore
:param chain: name of the chain to put rules into
:param rules: list of rules
:param family: address family (4 or 6)
:return: input for iptables-restore
:rtype: str
'''
assert family in (4, 6)
nft_rules = []
ip_match = 'ip6' if family == 6 else 'ip'
fullmask = '/128' if family == 6 else '/32'
dns = list(addr + fullmask for addr in self.dns_addresses(family))
for rule in rules:
unsupported_opts = set(rule.keys()).difference(
set(self.supported_rule_opts))
if unsupported_opts:
raise RuleParseError(
'Unsupported rule option(s): {!s}'.format(unsupported_opts))
if 'dst4' in rule and family == 6:
raise RuleParseError('IPv4 rule found for IPv6 address')
if 'dst6' in rule and family == 4:
raise RuleParseError('dst6 rule found for IPv4 address')
nft_rule = ""
if 'proto' in rule:
if family == 4:
nft_rule += ' ip protocol {}'.format(rule['proto'])
elif family == 6:
proto = 'icmpv6' if rule['proto'] == 'icmp' \
else rule['proto']
nft_rule += ' ip6 nexthdr {}'.format(proto)
if 'dst4' in rule:
nft_rule += ' ip daddr {}'.format(rule['dst4'])
elif 'dst6' in rule:
nft_rule += ' ip6 daddr {}'.format(rule['dst6'])
elif 'dsthost' in rule:
addrinfo = socket.getaddrinfo(rule['dsthost'], None,
(socket.AF_INET6 if family == 6 else socket.AF_INET))
nft_rule += ' {} daddr {{ {} }}'.format(ip_match,
', '.join(set(item[4][0] + fullmask for item in addrinfo)))
if 'dstports' in rule:
dstports = rule['dstports']
if len(set(dstports.split('-'))) == 1:
dstports = dstports.split('-')[0]
else:
dstports = None
if rule.get('specialtarget', None) == 'dns':
if dstports not in ('53', None):
continue
else:
dstports = '53'
if not dns:
continue
nft_rule += ' {} daddr {{ {} }}'.format(ip_match, ', '.join(
dns))
if 'icmptype' in rule:
if family == 4:
nft_rule += ' icmp type {}'.format(rule['icmptype'])
elif family == 6:
nft_rule += ' icmpv6 type {}'.format(rule['icmptype'])
# now duplicate rules for tcp/udp if needed
# it isn't possible to specify "tcp dport xx || udp dport xx" in
# one rule
if dstports is not None:
if 'proto' not in rule:
nft_rules.append(
nft_rule + ' tcp dport {} {}'.format(
dstports, rule['action']))
nft_rules.append(
nft_rule + ' udp dport {} {}'.format(
dstports, rule['action']))
else:
nft_rules.append(
nft_rule + ' {} dport {} {}'.format(
rule['proto'], dstports, rule['action']))
else:
nft_rules.append(nft_rule + ' ' + rule['action'])
return (
'flush chain {family} {table} {chain}\n'
'table {family} {table} {{\n'
' chain {chain} {{\n'
' {rules}\n'
' }}\n'
'}}\n'.format(
family=('ip6' if family == 6 else 'ip'),
table='qubes-firewall',
chain=chain,
rules='\n '.join(nft_rules)
))
def apply_rules_family(self, source, rules, family):
'''
Apply rules for given source address.
Handle only rules for given address family (IPv4 or IPv6).
:param source: source address
:param rules: rules list
:param family: address family, either 4 or 6
:return: None
'''
chain = self.chain_for_addr(source)
if chain not in self.chains[family]:
self.create_chain(source, chain, family)
self.run_nft(self.prepare_rules(chain, rules, family))
def apply_rules(self, source, rules):
if self.is_ip6(source):
self.apply_rules_family(source, rules, 6)
else:
self.apply_rules_family(source, rules, 4)
def init(self):
# make sure 'QBS_FORWARD' chain exists - should be created before
# starting qubes-firewall
nft_init = (
'table {family} qubes-firewall {{\n'
' chain forward {{\n'
' type filter hook forward priority 0;\n'
' policy drop;\n'
' ct state established accept\n'
' }}\n'
'}}\n'
)
nft_init = ''.join(
nft_init.format(family=family) for family in ('ip', 'ip6'))
self.run_nft(nft_init)
def cleanup(self):
nft_cleanup = (
'delete table ip qubes-firewall\n'
'delete table ip6 qubes-firewall\n'
)
self.run_nft(nft_cleanup)
def main():
if spawn.find_executable('nft'):
worker = NftablesWorker()
else:
worker = IptablesWorker()
context = daemon.DaemonContext()
context.stderr = sys.stderr
context.detach_process = False
context.files_preserve = [worker.qdb.watch_fd()]
context.signal_map = {
signal.SIGTERM: lambda _signal, _stack: worker.terminate(),
}
with context:
worker.main()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()